本指南介绍如何使用PathProvider
插件和Dart的IO
库在Flutter中读写文件 。
PathProvider
插件提供了一种平台透明的方式来访问设备文件系统上的常用位置。该类当前支持访问两个文件系统位置:
NSTemporaryDirectory()
返回的值。在Android上,这是[getCacheDir()
](https://developer.android.com/reference/android/content/Context.html#getCacheDir())返回的值。NSDocumentDirectory
。在Android上,这是AppData
目录。一旦你的Flutter应用程序有一个文件位置的引用,你可以使用dart:ioAPI来执行对文件系统的读/写操作。有关使用Dart处理文件和目录的更多信息,请参阅此概述 和这些示例。
以下示例展示了如何统计应用程序中按钮被点击的次数(关闭重启数据不丢失):
通过 flutter create
或在IntelliJ中 File > New Project 创建一个新Flutter App.
在pubspec.yaml
文件中声明依赖 PathProvider 插件
lib/main.dart
中的:import 'dart:io';
import 'dart:async';
import 'package:flutter/material.dart';
import 'package:path_provider/path_provider.dart';
void main() {
runApp(
new MaterialApp(
title: 'Flutter Demo',
theme: new ThemeData(primarySwatch: Colors.blue),
home: new FlutterDemo(),
),
);
}
class FlutterDemo extends StatefulWidget {
FlutterDemo({Key key}) : super(key: key);
@override
_FlutterDemoState createState() => new _FlutterDemoState();
}
class _FlutterDemoState extends State<FlutterDemo> {
int _counter;
@override
void initState() {
super.initState();
_readCounter().then((int value) {
setState(() {
_counter = value;
});
});
}
Future<File> _getLocalFile() async {
// get the path to the document directory.
String dir = (await getApplicationDocumentsDirectory()).path;
return new File('$dir/counter.txt');
}
Future<int> _readCounter() async {
try {
File file = await _getLocalFile();
// read the variable as a string from the file.
String contents = await file.readAsString();
return int.parse(contents);
} on FileSystemException {
return 0;
}
}
Future<Null> _incrementCounter() async {
setState(() {
_counter++;
});
// write the variable as a string to the file
await (await _getLocalFile()).writeAsString('$_counter');
}
@override
Widget build(BuildContext context) {
return new Scaffold(
appBar: new AppBar(title: new Text('Flutter Demo')),
body: new Center(
child: new Text('Button tapped $_counter time${
_counter == 1 ? '' : 's'
}.'),
),
floatingActionButton: new FloatingActionButton(
onPressed: _incrementCounter,
tooltip: 'Increment',
child: new Icon(Icons.add),
),
);
}
}
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