1. 根目录:
2. include
3. asm-generic
4. ioctl.h

#ifndef _ASM_GENERIC_IOCTL_H
#define _ASM_GENERIC_IOCTL_H

/* ioctl command encoding: 32 bits total, command in lower 16 bits,
 * size of the parameter structure in the lower 14 bits of the
 * upper 16 bits.
 * Encoding the size of the parameter structure in the ioctl request
 * is useful for catching programs compiled with old versions
 * and to avoid overwriting user space outside the user buffer area.
 * The highest 2 bits are reserved for indicating the ``access mode''.
 * NOTE: This limits the max parameter size to 16kB -1 !
 */

/*
 * The following is for compatibility across the various Linux
 * platforms.  The generic ioctl numbering scheme doesn't really enforce
 * a type field.  De facto, however, the top 8 bits of the lower 16
 * bits are indeed used as a type field, so we might just as well make
 * this explicit here.  Please be sure to use the decoding macros
 * below from now on.
 */
#define _IOC_NRBITS	8
#define _IOC_TYPEBITS	8

/*
 * Let any architecture override either of the following before
 * including this file.
 */

#ifndef _IOC_SIZEBITS
# define _IOC_SIZEBITS	14
#endif

#ifndef _IOC_DIRBITS
# define _IOC_DIRBITS	2
#endif

#define _IOC_NRMASK	((1 << _IOC_NRBITS)-1)
#define _IOC_TYPEMASK	((1 << _IOC_TYPEBITS)-1)
#define _IOC_SIZEMASK	((1 << _IOC_SIZEBITS)-1)
#define _IOC_DIRMASK	((1 << _IOC_DIRBITS)-1)

#define _IOC_NRSHIFT	0
#define _IOC_TYPESHIFT	(_IOC_NRSHIFT+_IOC_NRBITS)
#define _IOC_SIZESHIFT	(_IOC_TYPESHIFT+_IOC_TYPEBITS)
#define _IOC_DIRSHIFT	(_IOC_SIZESHIFT+_IOC_SIZEBITS)

/*
 * Direction bits, which any architecture can choose to override
 * before including this file.
 */

#ifndef _IOC_NONE
# define _IOC_NONE	0U
#endif

#ifndef _IOC_WRITE
# define _IOC_WRITE	1U
#endif

#ifndef _IOC_READ
# define _IOC_READ	2U
#endif

#define _IOC(dir,type,nr,size) \
	(((dir)  << _IOC_DIRSHIFT) | \
	 ((type) << _IOC_TYPESHIFT) | \
	 ((nr)   << _IOC_NRSHIFT) | \
	 ((size) << _IOC_SIZESHIFT))

#ifdef __KERNEL__
/* provoke compile error for invalid uses of size argument */
extern unsigned int __invalid_size_argument_for_IOC;
#define _IOC_TYPECHECK(t) \
	((sizeof(t) == sizeof(t[1]) && \
	  sizeof(t) < (1 << _IOC_SIZEBITS)) ? \
	  sizeof(t) : __invalid_size_argument_for_IOC)
#else
#define _IOC_TYPECHECK(t) (sizeof(t))
#endif

/* used to create numbers */
#define _IO(type,nr)		_IOC(_IOC_NONE,(type),(nr),0)
#define _IOR(type,nr,size)	_IOC(_IOC_READ,(type),(nr),(_IOC_TYPECHECK(size)))
#define _IOW(type,nr,size)	_IOC(_IOC_WRITE,(type),(nr),(_IOC_TYPECHECK(size)))
#define _IOWR(type,nr,size)	_IOC(_IOC_READ|_IOC_WRITE,(type),(nr),(_IOC_TYPECHECK(size)))
#define _IOR_BAD(type,nr,size)	_IOC(_IOC_READ,(type),(nr),sizeof(size))
#define _IOW_BAD(type,nr,size)	_IOC(_IOC_WRITE,(type),(nr),sizeof(size))
#define _IOWR_BAD(type,nr,size)	_IOC(_IOC_READ|_IOC_WRITE,(type),(nr),sizeof(size))

/* used to decode ioctl numbers.. */
#define _IOC_DIR(nr)		(((nr) >> _IOC_DIRSHIFT) & _IOC_DIRMASK)
#define _IOC_TYPE(nr)		(((nr) >> _IOC_TYPESHIFT) & _IOC_TYPEMASK)
#define _IOC_NR(nr)		(((nr) >> _IOC_NRSHIFT) & _IOC_NRMASK)
#define _IOC_SIZE(nr)		(((nr) >> _IOC_SIZESHIFT) & _IOC_SIZEMASK)

/* ...and for the drivers/sound files... */

#define IOC_IN		(_IOC_WRITE << _IOC_DIRSHIFT)
#define IOC_OUT		(_IOC_READ << _IOC_DIRSHIFT)
#define IOC_INOUT	((_IOC_WRITE|_IOC_READ) << _IOC_DIRSHIFT)
#define IOCSIZE_MASK	(_IOC_SIZEMASK << _IOC_SIZESHIFT)
#define IOCSIZE_SHIFT	(_IOC_SIZESHIFT)

#endif /* _ASM_GENERIC_IOCTL_H */