/* * Copyright (C) 2011 Google, Inc. * Copyright (C) 2012 Intel, Inc. * Copyright (C) 2013 Intel, Inc. * * This software is licensed under the terms of the GNU General Public * License version 2, as published by the Free Software Foundation, and * may be copied, distributed, and modified under those terms. * * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the * GNU General Public License for more details. * */ /* This source file contains the implementation of a special device driver * that intends to provide a *very* fast communication channel between the * guest system and the QEMU emulator. * * Usage from the guest is simply the following (error handling simplified): * * int fd = open("/dev/qemu_pipe",O_RDWR); * .... write() or read() through the pipe. * * This driver doesn't deal with the exact protocol used during the session. * It is intended to be as simple as something like: * * // do this _just_ after opening the fd to connect to a specific * // emulator service. * const char* msg = "<pipename>"; * if (write(fd, msg, strlen(msg)+1) < 0) { * ... could not connect to <pipename> service * close(fd); * } * * // after this, simply read() and write() to communicate with the * // service. Exact protocol details left as an exercise to the reader. * * This driver is very fast because it doesn't copy any data through * intermediate buffers, since the emulator is capable of translating * guest user addresses into host ones. * * Note that we must however ensure that each user page involved in the * exchange is properly mapped during a transfer. */ #include <linux/module.h> #include <linux/interrupt.h> #include <linux/kernel.h> #include <linux/spinlock.h> #include <linux/miscdevice.h> #include <linux/platform_device.h> #include <linux/poll.h> #include <linux/sched.h> #include <linux/bitops.h> #include <linux/slab.h> #include <linux/io.h> /* * IMPORTANT: The following constants must match the ones used and defined * in external/qemu/hw/goldfish_pipe.c in the Android source tree. */ /* pipe device registers */ #define PIPE_REG_COMMAND 0x00 /* write: value = command */ #define PIPE_REG_STATUS 0x04 /* read */ #define PIPE_REG_CHANNEL 0x08 /* read/write: channel id */ #define PIPE_REG_SIZE 0x0c /* read/write: buffer size */ #define PIPE_REG_ADDRESS 0x10 /* write: physical address */ #define PIPE_REG_WAKES 0x14 /* read: wake flags */ #define PIPE_REG_PARAMS_ADDR_LOW 0x18 /* read/write: batch data address */ #define PIPE_REG_PARAMS_ADDR_HIGH 0x1c /* read/write: batch data address */ #define PIPE_REG_ACCESS_PARAMS 0x20 /* write: batch access */ /* list of commands for PIPE_REG_COMMAND */ #define CMD_OPEN 1 /* open new channel */ #define CMD_CLOSE 2 /* close channel (from guest) */ #define CMD_POLL 3 /* poll read/write status */ /* List of bitflags returned in status of CMD_POLL command */ #define PIPE_POLL_IN (1 << 0) #define PIPE_POLL_OUT (1 << 1) #define PIPE_POLL_HUP (1 << 2) /* The following commands are related to write operations */ #define CMD_WRITE_BUFFER 4 /* send a user buffer to the emulator */ #define CMD_WAKE_ON_WRITE 5 /* tell the emulator to wake us when writing is possible */ /* The following commands are related to read operations, they must be * listed in the same order than the corresponding write ones, since we * will use (CMD_READ_BUFFER - CMD_WRITE_BUFFER) as a special offset * in goldfish_pipe_read_write() below. */ #define CMD_READ_BUFFER 6 /* receive a user buffer from the emulator */ #define CMD_WAKE_ON_READ 7 /* tell the emulator to wake us when reading * is possible */ /* Possible status values used to signal errors - see goldfish_pipe_error_convert */ #define PIPE_ERROR_INVAL -1 #define PIPE_ERROR_AGAIN -2 #define PIPE_ERROR_NOMEM -3 #define PIPE_ERROR_IO -4 /* Bit-flags used to signal events from the emulator */ #define PIPE_WAKE_CLOSED (1 << 0) /* emulator closed pipe */ #define PIPE_WAKE_READ (1 << 1) /* pipe can now be read from */ #define PIPE_WAKE_WRITE (1 << 2) /* pipe can now be written to */ struct access_params { u32 channel; u32 size; u32 address; u32 cmd; u32 result; /* reserved for future extension */ u32 flags; }; /* The global driver data. Holds a reference to the i/o page used to * communicate with the emulator, and a wake queue for blocked tasks * waiting to be awoken. */ struct goldfish_pipe_dev { spinlock_t lock; unsigned char __iomem *base; struct access_params *aps; int irq; }; static struct goldfish_pipe_dev pipe_dev[1]; /* This data type models a given pipe instance */ struct goldfish_pipe { struct goldfish_pipe_dev *dev; struct mutex lock; unsigned long flags; wait_queue_head_t wake_queue; }; /* Bit flags for the 'flags' field */ enum { BIT_CLOSED_ON_HOST = 0, /* pipe closed by host */ BIT_WAKE_ON_WRITE = 1, /* want to be woken on writes */ BIT_WAKE_ON_READ = 2, /* want to be woken on reads */ }; static u32 goldfish_cmd_status(struct goldfish_pipe *pipe, u32 cmd) { unsigned long flags; u32 status; struct goldfish_pipe_dev *dev = pipe->dev; spin_lock_irqsave(&dev->lock, flags); writel((u32)pipe, dev->base + PIPE_REG_CHANNEL); writel(cmd, dev->base + PIPE_REG_COMMAND); status = readl(dev->base + PIPE_REG_STATUS); spin_unlock_irqrestore(&dev->lock, flags); return status; } static void goldfish_cmd(struct goldfish_pipe *pipe, u32 cmd) { unsigned long flags; struct goldfish_pipe_dev *dev = pipe->dev; spin_lock_irqsave(&dev->lock, flags); writel((u32)pipe, dev->base + PIPE_REG_CHANNEL); writel(cmd, dev->base + PIPE_REG_COMMAND); spin_unlock_irqrestore(&dev->lock, flags); } /* This function converts an error code returned by the emulator through * the PIPE_REG_STATUS i/o register into a valid negative errno value. */ static int goldfish_pipe_error_convert(int status) { switch (status) { case PIPE_ERROR_AGAIN: return -EAGAIN; case PIPE_ERROR_NOMEM: return -ENOMEM; case PIPE_ERROR_IO: return -EIO; default: return -EINVAL; } } /* * Notice: QEMU will return 0 for un-known register access, indicating * param_acess is supported or not */ static int valid_batchbuffer_addr(struct goldfish_pipe_dev *dev, struct access_params *aps) { u32 aph, apl; u64 paddr; aph = readl(dev->base + PIPE_REG_PARAMS_ADDR_HIGH); apl = readl(dev->base + PIPE_REG_PARAMS_ADDR_LOW); paddr = ((u64)aph << 32) | apl; if (paddr != (__pa(aps))) return 0; return 1; } /* 0 on success */ static int setup_access_params_addr(struct platform_device *pdev, struct goldfish_pipe_dev *dev) { u64 paddr; struct access_params *aps; aps = devm_kzalloc(&pdev->dev, sizeof(struct access_params), GFP_KERNEL); if (!aps) return -1; /* FIXME */ paddr = __pa(aps); writel((u32)(paddr >> 32), dev->base + PIPE_REG_PARAMS_ADDR_HIGH); writel((u32)paddr, dev->base + PIPE_REG_PARAMS_ADDR_LOW); if (valid_batchbuffer_addr(dev, aps)) { dev->aps = aps; return 0; } else return -1; } /* A value that will not be set by qemu emulator */ #define INITIAL_BATCH_RESULT (0xdeadbeaf) static int access_with_param(struct goldfish_pipe_dev *dev, const int cmd, unsigned long address, unsigned long avail, struct goldfish_pipe *pipe, int *status) { struct access_params *aps = dev->aps; if (aps == NULL) return -1; aps->result = INITIAL_BATCH_RESULT; aps->channel = (unsigned long)pipe; aps->size = avail; aps->address = address; aps->cmd = cmd; writel(cmd, dev->base + PIPE_REG_ACCESS_PARAMS); /* * If the aps->result has not changed, that means * that the batch command failed */ if (aps->result == INITIAL_BATCH_RESULT) return -1; *status = aps->result; return 0; } /* This function is used for both reading from and writing to a given * pipe. */ static ssize_t goldfish_pipe_read_write(struct file *filp, char __user *buffer, size_t bufflen, int is_write) { unsigned long irq_flags; struct goldfish_pipe *pipe = filp->private_data; struct goldfish_pipe_dev *dev = pipe->dev; const int cmd_offset = is_write ? 0 : (CMD_READ_BUFFER - CMD_WRITE_BUFFER); unsigned long address, address_end; int ret = 0; /* If the emulator already closed the pipe, no need to go further */ if (test_bit(BIT_CLOSED_ON_HOST, &pipe->flags)) return -EIO; /* Null reads or writes succeeds */ if (unlikely(bufflen) == 0) return 0; /* Check the buffer range for access */ if (!access_ok(is_write ? VERIFY_WRITE : VERIFY_READ, buffer, bufflen)) return -EFAULT; /* Serialize access to the pipe */ if (mutex_lock_interruptible(&pipe->lock)) return -ERESTARTSYS; address = (unsigned long)(void *)buffer; address_end = address + bufflen; while (address < address_end) { unsigned long page_end = (address & PAGE_MASK) + PAGE_SIZE; unsigned long next = page_end < address_end ? page_end : address_end; unsigned long avail = next - address; int status, wakeBit; /* Ensure that the corresponding page is properly mapped */ /* FIXME: this isn't safe or sufficient - use get_user_pages */ if (is_write) { char c; /* Ensure that the page is mapped and readable */ if (__get_user(c, (char __user *)address)) { if (!ret) ret = -EFAULT; break; } } else { /* Ensure that the page is mapped and writable */ if (__put_user(0, (char __user *)address)) { if (!ret) ret = -EFAULT; break; } } /* Now, try to transfer the bytes in the current page */ spin_lock_irqsave(&dev->lock, irq_flags); if (access_with_param(dev, CMD_WRITE_BUFFER + cmd_offset, address, avail, pipe, &status)) { writel((u32)pipe, dev->base + PIPE_REG_CHANNEL); writel(avail, dev->base + PIPE_REG_SIZE); writel(address, dev->base + PIPE_REG_ADDRESS); writel(CMD_WRITE_BUFFER + cmd_offset, dev->base + PIPE_REG_COMMAND); status = readl(dev->base + PIPE_REG_STATUS); } spin_unlock_irqrestore(&dev->lock, irq_flags); if (status > 0) { /* Correct transfer */ ret += status; address += status; continue; } if (status == 0) /* EOF */ break; /* An error occured. If we already transfered stuff, just * return with its count. We expect the next call to return * an error code */ if (ret > 0) break; /* If the error is not PIPE_ERROR_AGAIN, or if we are not in * non-blocking mode, just return the error code. */ if (status != PIPE_ERROR_AGAIN || (filp->f_flags & O_NONBLOCK) != 0) { ret = goldfish_pipe_error_convert(status); break; } /* We will have to wait until more data/space is available. * First, mark the pipe as waiting for a specific wake signal. */ wakeBit = is_write ? BIT_WAKE_ON_WRITE : BIT_WAKE_ON_READ; set_bit(wakeBit, &pipe->flags); /* Tell the emulator we're going to wait for a wake event */ goldfish_cmd(pipe, CMD_WAKE_ON_WRITE + cmd_offset); /* Unlock the pipe, then wait for the wake signal */ mutex_unlock(&pipe->lock); while (test_bit(wakeBit, &pipe->flags)) { if (wait_event_interruptible( pipe->wake_queue, !test_bit(wakeBit, &pipe->flags))) return -ERESTARTSYS; if (test_bit(BIT_CLOSED_ON_HOST, &pipe->flags)) return -EIO; } /* Try to re-acquire the lock */ if (mutex_lock_interruptible(&pipe->lock)) return -ERESTARTSYS; /* Try the transfer again */ continue; } mutex_unlock(&pipe->lock); return ret; } static ssize_t goldfish_pipe_read(struct file *filp, char __user *buffer, size_t bufflen, loff_t *ppos) { return goldfish_pipe_read_write(filp, buffer, bufflen, 0); } static ssize_t goldfish_pipe_write(struct file *filp, const char __user *buffer, size_t bufflen, loff_t *ppos) { return goldfish_pipe_read_write(filp, (char __user *)buffer, bufflen, 1); } static unsigned int goldfish_pipe_poll(struct file *filp, poll_table *wait) { struct goldfish_pipe *pipe = filp->private_data; unsigned int mask = 0; int status; mutex_lock(&pipe->lock); poll_wait(filp, &pipe->wake_queue, wait); status = goldfish_cmd_status(pipe, CMD_POLL); mutex_unlock(&pipe->lock); if (status & PIPE_POLL_IN) mask |= POLLIN | POLLRDNORM; if (status & PIPE_POLL_OUT) mask |= POLLOUT | POLLWRNORM; if (status & PIPE_POLL_HUP) mask |= POLLHUP; if (test_bit(BIT_CLOSED_ON_HOST, &pipe->flags)) mask |= POLLERR; return mask; } static irqreturn_t goldfish_pipe_interrupt(int irq, void *dev_id) { struct goldfish_pipe_dev *dev = dev_id; unsigned long irq_flags; int count = 0; /* We're going to read from the emulator a list of (channel,flags) * pairs corresponding to the wake events that occured on each * blocked pipe (i.e. channel). */ spin_lock_irqsave(&dev->lock, irq_flags); for (;;) { /* First read the channel, 0 means the end of the list */ struct goldfish_pipe *pipe; unsigned long wakes; unsigned long channel = readl(dev->base + PIPE_REG_CHANNEL); if (channel == 0) break; /* Convert channel to struct pipe pointer + read wake flags */ wakes = readl(dev->base + PIPE_REG_WAKES); pipe = (struct goldfish_pipe *)(ptrdiff_t)channel; /* Did the emulator just closed a pipe? */ if (wakes & PIPE_WAKE_CLOSED) { set_bit(BIT_CLOSED_ON_HOST, &pipe->flags); wakes |= PIPE_WAKE_READ | PIPE_WAKE_WRITE; } if (wakes & PIPE_WAKE_READ) clear_bit(BIT_WAKE_ON_READ, &pipe->flags); if (wakes & PIPE_WAKE_WRITE) clear_bit(BIT_WAKE_ON_WRITE, &pipe->flags); wake_up_interruptible(&pipe->wake_queue); count++; } spin_unlock_irqrestore(&dev->lock, irq_flags); return (count == 0) ? IRQ_NONE : IRQ_HANDLED; } /** * goldfish_pipe_open - open a channel to the AVD * @inode: inode of device * @file: file struct of opener * * Create a new pipe link between the emulator and the use application. * Each new request produces a new pipe. * * Note: we use the pipe ID as a mux. All goldfish emulations are 32bit * right now so this is fine. A move to 64bit will need this addressing */ static int goldfish_pipe_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file) { struct goldfish_pipe *pipe; struct goldfish_pipe_dev *dev = pipe_dev; int32_t status; /* Allocate new pipe kernel object */ pipe = kzalloc(sizeof(*pipe), GFP_KERNEL); if (pipe == NULL) return -ENOMEM; pipe->dev = dev; mutex_init(&pipe->lock); init_waitqueue_head(&pipe->wake_queue); /* * Now, tell the emulator we're opening a new pipe. We use the * pipe object's address as the channel identifier for simplicity. */ status = goldfish_cmd_status(pipe, CMD_OPEN); if (status < 0) { kfree(pipe); return status; } /* All is done, save the pipe into the file's private data field */ file->private_data = pipe; return 0; } static int goldfish_pipe_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *filp) { struct goldfish_pipe *pipe = filp->private_data; /* The guest is closing the channel, so tell the emulator right now */ goldfish_cmd(pipe, CMD_CLOSE); kfree(pipe); filp->private_data = NULL; return 0; } static const struct file_operations goldfish_pipe_fops = { .owner = THIS_MODULE, .read = goldfish_pipe_read, .write = goldfish_pipe_write, .poll = goldfish_pipe_poll, .open = goldfish_pipe_open, .release = goldfish_pipe_release, }; static struct miscdevice goldfish_pipe_device = { .minor = MISC_DYNAMIC_MINOR, .name = "goldfish_pipe", .fops = &goldfish_pipe_fops, }; static int goldfish_pipe_probe(struct platform_device *pdev) { int err; struct resource *r; struct goldfish_pipe_dev *dev = pipe_dev; /* not thread safe, but this should not happen */ WARN_ON(dev->base != NULL); spin_lock_init(&dev->lock); r = platform_get_resource(pdev, IORESOURCE_MEM, 0); if (r == NULL || resource_size(r) < PAGE_SIZE) { dev_err(&pdev->dev, "can't allocate i/o page\n"); return -EINVAL; } dev->base = devm_ioremap(&pdev->dev, r->start, PAGE_SIZE); if (dev->base == NULL) { dev_err(&pdev->dev, "ioremap failed\n"); return -EINVAL; } r = platform_get_resource(pdev, IORESOURCE_IRQ, 0); if (r == NULL) { err = -EINVAL; goto error; } dev->irq = r->start; err = devm_request_irq(&pdev->dev, dev->irq, goldfish_pipe_interrupt, IRQF_SHARED, "goldfish_pipe", dev); if (err) { dev_err(&pdev->dev, "unable to allocate IRQ\n"); goto error; } err = misc_register(&goldfish_pipe_device); if (err) { dev_err(&pdev->dev, "unable to register device\n"); goto error; } setup_access_params_addr(pdev, dev); return 0; error: dev->base = NULL; return err; } static int goldfish_pipe_remove(struct platform_device *pdev) { struct goldfish_pipe_dev *dev = pipe_dev; misc_deregister(&goldfish_pipe_device); dev->base = NULL; return 0; } static struct platform_driver goldfish_pipe = { .probe = goldfish_pipe_probe, .remove = goldfish_pipe_remove, .driver = { .name = "goldfish_pipe" } }; module_platform_driver(goldfish_pipe); MODULE_AUTHOR("David Turner <digit@google.com>"); MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");