// Copyright (c) 2008, Google Inc.
// All rights reserved.
//
// Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
// modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
// met:
//
// * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
// notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
// * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
// copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
// in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
// distribution.
// * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
// contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
// this software without specific prior written permission.
//
// THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
// "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
// LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
// A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
// OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
// SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
// LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
// DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
// THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
// (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
// OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
//
// ---
// Bash-style command line flag completion for C++ binaries
//
// This module implements bash-style completions. It achieves this
// goal in the following broad chunks:
//
// 1) Take a to-be-completed word, and examine it for search hints
// 2) Identify all potentially matching flags
// 2a) If there are no matching flags, do nothing.
// 2b) If all matching flags share a common prefix longer than the
// completion word, output just that matching prefix
// 3) Categorize those flags to produce a rough ordering of relevence.
// 4) Potentially trim the set of flags returned to a smaller number
// that bash is happier with
// 5) Output the matching flags in groups ordered by relevence.
// 5a) Force bash to place most-relevent groups at the top of the list
// 5b) Trim most flag's descriptions to fit on a single terminal line
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h> // for strlen
#include <set>
#include <string>
#include <utility>
#include <vector>
#include "config.h"
#include "gflags/gflags.h"
#include "gflags/gflags_completions.h"
#include "util.h"
using std::set;
using std::string;
using std::vector;
DEFINE_string(tab_completion_word, "",
"If non-empty, HandleCommandLineCompletions() will hijack the "
"process and attempt to do bash-style command line flag "
"completion on this value.");
DEFINE_int32(tab_completion_columns, 80,
"Number of columns to use in output for tab completion");
namespace GFLAGS_NAMESPACE {
namespace {
// Function prototypes and Type forward declarations. Code may be
// more easily understood if it is roughly ordered according to
// control flow, rather than by C's "declare before use" ordering
struct CompletionOptions;
struct NotableFlags;
// The entry point if flag completion is to be used.
static void PrintFlagCompletionInfo(void);
// 1) Examine search word
static void CanonicalizeCursorWordAndSearchOptions(
const string &cursor_word,
string *canonical_search_token,
CompletionOptions *options);
static bool RemoveTrailingChar(string *str, char c);
// 2) Find all matches
static void FindMatchingFlags(
const vector<CommandLineFlagInfo> &all_flags,
const CompletionOptions &options,
const string &match_token,
set<const CommandLineFlagInfo *> *all_matches,
string *longest_common_prefix);
static bool DoesSingleFlagMatch(
const CommandLineFlagInfo &flag,
const CompletionOptions &options,
const string &match_token);
// 3) Categorize matches
static void CategorizeAllMatchingFlags(
const set<const CommandLineFlagInfo *> &all_matches,
const string &search_token,
const string &module,
const string &package_dir,
NotableFlags *notable_flags);
static void TryFindModuleAndPackageDir(
const vector<CommandLineFlagInfo> &all_flags,
string *module,
string *package_dir);
// 4) Decide which flags to use
static void FinalizeCompletionOutput(
const set<const CommandLineFlagInfo *> &matching_flags,
CompletionOptions *options,
NotableFlags *notable_flags,
vector<string> *completions);
static void RetrieveUnusedFlags(
const set<const CommandLineFlagInfo *> &matching_flags,
const NotableFlags ¬able_flags,
set<const CommandLineFlagInfo *> *unused_flags);
// 5) Output matches
static void OutputSingleGroupWithLimit(
const set<const CommandLineFlagInfo *> &group,
const string &line_indentation,
const string &header,
const string &footer,
bool long_output_format,
int *remaining_line_limit,
size_t *completion_elements_added,
vector<string> *completions);
// (helpers for #5)
static string GetShortFlagLine(
const string &line_indentation,
const CommandLineFlagInfo &info);
static string GetLongFlagLine(
const string &line_indentation,
const CommandLineFlagInfo &info);
//
// Useful types
// Try to deduce the intentions behind this completion attempt. Return the
// canonical search term in 'canonical_search_token'. Binary search options
// are returned in the various booleans, which should all have intuitive
// semantics, possibly except:
// - return_all_matching_flags: Generally, we'll trim the number of
// returned candidates to some small number, showing those that are
// most likely to be useful first. If this is set, however, the user
// really does want us to return every single flag as an option.
// - force_no_update: Any time we output lines, all of which share a
// common prefix, bash will 'helpfully' not even bother to show the
// output, instead changing the current word to be that common prefix.
// If it's clear this shouldn't happen, we'll set this boolean
struct CompletionOptions {
bool flag_name_substring_search;
bool flag_location_substring_search;
bool flag_description_substring_search;
bool return_all_matching_flags;
bool force_no_update;
};
// Notable flags are flags that are special or preferred for some
// reason. For example, flags that are defined in the binary's module
// are expected to be much more relevent than flags defined in some
// other random location. These sets are specified roughly in precedence
// order. Once a flag is placed in one of these 'higher' sets, it won't
// be placed in any of the 'lower' sets.
struct NotableFlags {
typedef set<const CommandLineFlagInfo *> FlagSet;
FlagSet perfect_match_flag;
FlagSet module_flags; // Found in module file
FlagSet package_flags; // Found in same directory as module file
FlagSet most_common_flags; // One of the XXX most commonly supplied flags
FlagSet subpackage_flags; // Found in subdirectories of package
};
//
// Tab completion implementation - entry point
static void PrintFlagCompletionInfo(void) {
string cursor_word = FLAGS_tab_completion_word;
string canonical_token;
CompletionOptions options = { };
CanonicalizeCursorWordAndSearchOptions(
cursor_word,
&canonical_token,
&options);
DVLOG(1) << "Identified canonical_token: '" << canonical_token << "'";
vector<CommandLineFlagInfo> all_flags;
set<const CommandLineFlagInfo *> matching_flags;
GetAllFlags(&all_flags);
DVLOG(2) << "Found " << all_flags.size() << " flags overall";
string longest_common_prefix;
FindMatchingFlags(
all_flags,
options,
canonical_token,
&matching_flags,
&longest_common_prefix);
DVLOG(1) << "Identified " << matching_flags.size() << " matching flags";
DVLOG(1) << "Identified " << longest_common_prefix
<< " as longest common prefix.";
if (longest_common_prefix.size() > canonical_token.size()) {
// There's actually a shared common prefix to all matching flags,
// so may as well output that and quit quickly.
DVLOG(1) << "The common prefix '" << longest_common_prefix
<< "' was longer than the token '" << canonical_token
<< "'. Returning just this prefix for completion.";
fprintf(stdout, "--%s", longest_common_prefix.c_str());
return;
}
if (matching_flags.empty()) {
VLOG(1) << "There were no matching flags, returning nothing.";
return;
}
string module;
string package_dir;
TryFindModuleAndPackageDir(all_flags, &module, &package_dir);
DVLOG(1) << "Identified module: '" << module << "'";
DVLOG(1) << "Identified package_dir: '" << package_dir << "'";
NotableFlags notable_flags;
CategorizeAllMatchingFlags(
matching_flags,
canonical_token,
module,
package_dir,
¬able_flags);
DVLOG(2) << "Categorized matching flags:";
DVLOG(2) << " perfect_match: " << notable_flags.perfect_match_flag.size();
DVLOG(2) << " module: " << notable_flags.module_flags.size();
DVLOG(2) << " package: " << notable_flags.package_flags.size();
DVLOG(2) << " most common: " << notable_flags.most_common_flags.size();
DVLOG(2) << " subpackage: " << notable_flags.subpackage_flags.size();
vector<string> completions;
FinalizeCompletionOutput(
matching_flags,
&options,
¬able_flags,
&completions);
if (options.force_no_update)
completions.push_back("~");
DVLOG(1) << "Finalized with " << completions.size()
<< " chosen completions";
for (vector<string>::const_iterator it = completions.begin();
it != completions.end();
++it) {
DVLOG(9) << " Completion entry: '" << *it << "'";
fprintf(stdout, "%s\n", it->c_str());
}
}
// 1) Examine search word (and helper method)
static void CanonicalizeCursorWordAndSearchOptions(
const string &cursor_word,
string *canonical_search_token,
CompletionOptions *options) {
*canonical_search_token = cursor_word;
if (canonical_search_token->empty()) return;
// Get rid of leading quotes and dashes in the search term
if ((*canonical_search_token)[0] == '"')
*canonical_search_token = canonical_search_token->substr(1);
while ((*canonical_search_token)[0] == '-')
*canonical_search_token = canonical_search_token->substr(1);
options->flag_name_substring_search = false;
options->flag_location_substring_search = false;
options->flag_description_substring_search = false;
options->return_all_matching_flags = false;
options->force_no_update = false;
// Look for all search options we can deduce now. Do this by walking
// backwards through the term, looking for up to three '?' and up to
// one '+' as suffixed characters. Consume them if found, and remove
// them from the canonical search token.
int found_question_marks = 0;
int found_plusses = 0;
while (true) {
if (found_question_marks < 3 &&
RemoveTrailingChar(canonical_search_token, '?')) {
++found_question_marks;
continue;
}
if (found_plusses < 1 &&
RemoveTrailingChar(canonical_search_token, '+')) {
++found_plusses;
continue;
}
break;
}
switch (found_question_marks) { // all fallthroughs
case 3: options->flag_description_substring_search = true;
case 2: options->flag_location_substring_search = true;
case 1: options->flag_name_substring_search = true;
};
options->return_all_matching_flags = (found_plusses > 0);
}
// Returns true if a char was removed
static bool RemoveTrailingChar(string *str, char c) {
if (str->empty()) return false;
if ((*str)[str->size() - 1] == c) {
*str = str->substr(0, str->size() - 1);
return true;
}
return false;
}
// 2) Find all matches (and helper methods)
static void FindMatchingFlags(
const vector<CommandLineFlagInfo> &all_flags,
const CompletionOptions &options,
const string &match_token,
set<const CommandLineFlagInfo *> *all_matches,
string *longest_common_prefix) {
all_matches->clear();
bool first_match = true;
for (vector<CommandLineFlagInfo>::const_iterator it = all_flags.begin();
it != all_flags.end();
++it) {
if (DoesSingleFlagMatch(*it, options, match_token)) {
all_matches->insert(&*it);
if (first_match) {
first_match = false;
*longest_common_prefix = it->name;
} else {
if (longest_common_prefix->empty() || it->name.empty()) {
longest_common_prefix->clear();
continue;
}
string::size_type pos = 0;
while (pos < longest_common_prefix->size() &&
pos < it->name.size() &&
(*longest_common_prefix)[pos] == it->name[pos])
++pos;
longest_common_prefix->erase(pos);
}
}
}
}
// Given the set of all flags, the parsed match options, and the
// canonical search token, produce the set of all candidate matching
// flags for subsequent analysis or filtering.
static bool DoesSingleFlagMatch(
const CommandLineFlagInfo &flag,
const CompletionOptions &options,
const string &match_token) {
// Is there a prefix match?
string::size_type pos = flag.name.find(match_token);
if (pos == 0) return true;
// Is there a substring match if we want it?
if (options.flag_name_substring_search &&
pos != string::npos)
return true;
// Is there a location match if we want it?
if (options.flag_location_substring_search &&
flag.filename.find(match_token) != string::npos)
return true;
// TODO(user): All searches should probably be case-insensitive
// (especially this one...)
if (options.flag_description_substring_search &&
flag.description.find(match_token) != string::npos)
return true;
return false;
}
// 3) Categorize matches (and helper method)
// Given a set of matching flags, categorize them by
// likely relevence to this specific binary
static void CategorizeAllMatchingFlags(
const set<const CommandLineFlagInfo *> &all_matches,
const string &search_token,
const string &module, // empty if we couldn't find any
const string &package_dir, // empty if we couldn't find any
NotableFlags *notable_flags) {
notable_flags->perfect_match_flag.clear();
notable_flags->module_flags.clear();
notable_flags->package_flags.clear();
notable_flags->most_common_flags.clear();
notable_flags->subpackage_flags.clear();
for (set<const CommandLineFlagInfo *>::const_iterator it =
all_matches.begin();
it != all_matches.end();
++it) {
DVLOG(2) << "Examining match '" << (*it)->name << "'";
DVLOG(7) << " filename: '" << (*it)->filename << "'";
string::size_type pos = string::npos;
if (!package_dir.empty())
pos = (*it)->filename.find(package_dir);
string::size_type slash = string::npos;
if (pos != string::npos) // candidate for package or subpackage match
slash = (*it)->filename.find(
PATH_SEPARATOR,
pos + package_dir.size() + 1);
if ((*it)->name == search_token) {
// Exact match on some flag's name
notable_flags->perfect_match_flag.insert(*it);
DVLOG(3) << "Result: perfect match";
} else if (!module.empty() && (*it)->filename == module) {
// Exact match on module filename
notable_flags->module_flags.insert(*it);
DVLOG(3) << "Result: module match";
} else if (!package_dir.empty() &&
pos != string::npos && slash == string::npos) {
// In the package, since there was no slash after the package portion
notable_flags->package_flags.insert(*it);
DVLOG(3) << "Result: package match";
} else if (false) {
// In the list of the XXX most commonly supplied flags overall
// TODO(user): Compile this list.
DVLOG(3) << "Result: most-common match";
} else if (!package_dir.empty() &&
pos != string::npos && slash != string::npos) {
// In a subdirectory of the package
notable_flags->subpackage_flags.insert(*it);
DVLOG(3) << "Result: subpackage match";
}
DVLOG(3) << "Result: not special match";
}
}
static void PushNameWithSuffix(vector<string>* suffixes, const char* suffix) {
suffixes->push_back(
StringPrintf("/%s%s", ProgramInvocationShortName(), suffix));
}
static void TryFindModuleAndPackageDir(
const vector<CommandLineFlagInfo> &all_flags,
string *module,
string *package_dir) {
module->clear();
package_dir->clear();
vector<string> suffixes;
// TODO(user): There's some inherant ambiguity here - multiple directories
// could share the same trailing folder and file structure (and even worse,
// same file names), causing us to be unsure as to which of the two is the
// actual package for this binary. In this case, we'll arbitrarily choose.
PushNameWithSuffix(&suffixes, ".");
PushNameWithSuffix(&suffixes, "-main.");
PushNameWithSuffix(&suffixes, "_main.");
// These four are new but probably merited?
PushNameWithSuffix(&suffixes, "-test.");
PushNameWithSuffix(&suffixes, "_test.");
PushNameWithSuffix(&suffixes, "-unittest.");
PushNameWithSuffix(&suffixes, "_unittest.");
for (vector<CommandLineFlagInfo>::const_iterator it = all_flags.begin();
it != all_flags.end();
++it) {
for (vector<string>::const_iterator suffix = suffixes.begin();
suffix != suffixes.end();
++suffix) {
// TODO(user): Make sure the match is near the end of the string
if (it->filename.find(*suffix) != string::npos) {
*module = it->filename;
string::size_type sep = it->filename.rfind(PATH_SEPARATOR);
*package_dir = it->filename.substr(0, (sep == string::npos) ? 0 : sep);
return;
}
}
}
}
// Can't specialize template type on a locally defined type. Silly C++...
struct DisplayInfoGroup {
const char* header;
const char* footer;
set<const CommandLineFlagInfo *> *group;
int SizeInLines() const {
int size_in_lines = static_cast<int>(group->size()) + 1;
if (strlen(header) > 0) {
size_in_lines++;
}
if (strlen(footer) > 0) {
size_in_lines++;
}
return size_in_lines;
}
};
// 4) Finalize and trim output flag set
static void FinalizeCompletionOutput(
const set<const CommandLineFlagInfo *> &matching_flags,
CompletionOptions *options,
NotableFlags *notable_flags,
vector<string> *completions) {
// We want to output lines in groups. Each group needs to be indented
// the same to keep its lines together. Unless otherwise required,
// only 99 lines should be output to prevent bash from harassing the
// user.
// First, figure out which output groups we'll actually use. For each
// nonempty group, there will be ~3 lines of header & footer, plus all
// output lines themselves.
int max_desired_lines = // "999999 flags should be enough for anyone. -dave"
(options->return_all_matching_flags ? 999999 : 98);
int lines_so_far = 0;
vector<DisplayInfoGroup> output_groups;
bool perfect_match_found = false;
if (lines_so_far < max_desired_lines &&
!notable_flags->perfect_match_flag.empty()) {
perfect_match_found = true;
DisplayInfoGroup group =
{ "",
"==========",
¬able_flags->perfect_match_flag };
lines_so_far += group.SizeInLines();
output_groups.push_back(group);
}
if (lines_so_far < max_desired_lines &&
!notable_flags->module_flags.empty()) {
DisplayInfoGroup group = {
"-* Matching module flags *-",
"===========================",
¬able_flags->module_flags };
lines_so_far += group.SizeInLines();
output_groups.push_back(group);
}
if (lines_so_far < max_desired_lines &&
!notable_flags->package_flags.empty()) {
DisplayInfoGroup group = {
"-* Matching package flags *-",
"============================",
¬able_flags->package_flags };
lines_so_far += group.SizeInLines();
output_groups.push_back(group);
}
if (lines_so_far < max_desired_lines &&
!notable_flags->most_common_flags.empty()) {
DisplayInfoGroup group = {
"-* Commonly used flags *-",
"=========================",
¬able_flags->most_common_flags };
lines_so_far += group.SizeInLines();
output_groups.push_back(group);
}
if (lines_so_far < max_desired_lines &&
!notable_flags->subpackage_flags.empty()) {
DisplayInfoGroup group = {
"-* Matching sub-package flags *-",
"================================",
¬able_flags->subpackage_flags };
lines_so_far += group.SizeInLines();
output_groups.push_back(group);
}
set<const CommandLineFlagInfo *> obscure_flags; // flags not notable
if (lines_so_far < max_desired_lines) {
RetrieveUnusedFlags(matching_flags, *notable_flags, &obscure_flags);
if (!obscure_flags.empty()) {
DisplayInfoGroup group = {
"-* Other flags *-",
"",
&obscure_flags };
lines_so_far += group.SizeInLines();
output_groups.push_back(group);
}
}
// Second, go through each of the chosen output groups and output
// as many of those flags as we can, while remaining below our limit
int remaining_lines = max_desired_lines;
size_t completions_output = 0;
int indent = static_cast<int>(output_groups.size()) - 1;
for (vector<DisplayInfoGroup>::const_iterator it =
output_groups.begin();
it != output_groups.end();
++it, --indent) {
OutputSingleGroupWithLimit(
*it->group, // group
string(indent, ' '), // line indentation
string(it->header), // header
string(it->footer), // footer
perfect_match_found, // long format
&remaining_lines, // line limit - reduces this by number printed
&completions_output, // completions (not lines) added
completions); // produced completions
perfect_match_found = false;
}
if (completions_output != matching_flags.size()) {
options->force_no_update = false;
completions->push_back("~ (Remaining flags hidden) ~");
} else {
options->force_no_update = true;
}
}
static void RetrieveUnusedFlags(
const set<const CommandLineFlagInfo *> &matching_flags,
const NotableFlags ¬able_flags,
set<const CommandLineFlagInfo *> *unused_flags) {
// Remove from 'matching_flags' set all members of the sets of
// flags we've already printed (specifically, those in notable_flags)
for (set<const CommandLineFlagInfo *>::const_iterator it =
matching_flags.begin();
it != matching_flags.end();
++it) {
if (notable_flags.perfect_match_flag.count(*it) ||
notable_flags.module_flags.count(*it) ||
notable_flags.package_flags.count(*it) ||
notable_flags.most_common_flags.count(*it) ||
notable_flags.subpackage_flags.count(*it))
continue;
unused_flags->insert(*it);
}
}
// 5) Output matches (and helper methods)
static void OutputSingleGroupWithLimit(
const set<const CommandLineFlagInfo *> &group,
const string &line_indentation,
const string &header,
const string &footer,
bool long_output_format,
int *remaining_line_limit,
size_t *completion_elements_output,
vector<string> *completions) {
if (group.empty()) return;
if (!header.empty()) {
if (*remaining_line_limit < 2) return;
*remaining_line_limit -= 2;
completions->push_back(line_indentation + header);
completions->push_back(line_indentation + string(header.size(), '-'));
}
for (set<const CommandLineFlagInfo *>::const_iterator it = group.begin();
it != group.end() && *remaining_line_limit > 0;
++it) {
--*remaining_line_limit;
++*completion_elements_output;
completions->push_back(
(long_output_format
? GetLongFlagLine(line_indentation, **it)
: GetShortFlagLine(line_indentation, **it)));
}
if (!footer.empty()) {
if (*remaining_line_limit < 1) return;
--*remaining_line_limit;
completions->push_back(line_indentation + footer);
}
}
static string GetShortFlagLine(
const string &line_indentation,
const CommandLineFlagInfo &info) {
string prefix;
bool is_string = (info.type == "string");
SStringPrintf(&prefix, "%s--%s [%s%s%s] ",
line_indentation.c_str(),
info.name.c_str(),
(is_string ? "'" : ""),
info.default_value.c_str(),
(is_string ? "'" : ""));
int remainder =
FLAGS_tab_completion_columns - static_cast<int>(prefix.size());
string suffix;
if (remainder > 0)
suffix =
(static_cast<int>(info.description.size()) > remainder ?
(info.description.substr(0, remainder - 3) + "...").c_str() :
info.description.c_str());
return prefix + suffix;
}
static string GetLongFlagLine(
const string &line_indentation,
const CommandLineFlagInfo &info) {
string output = DescribeOneFlag(info);
// Replace '-' with '--', and remove trailing newline before appending
// the module definition location.
string old_flagname = "-" + info.name;
output.replace(
output.find(old_flagname),
old_flagname.size(),
"-" + old_flagname);
// Stick a newline and indentation in front of the type and default
// portions of DescribeOneFlag()s description
static const char kNewlineWithIndent[] = "\n ";
output.replace(output.find(" type:"), 1, string(kNewlineWithIndent));
output.replace(output.find(" default:"), 1, string(kNewlineWithIndent));
output = StringPrintf("%s Details for '--%s':\n"
"%s defined: %s",
line_indentation.c_str(),
info.name.c_str(),
output.c_str(),
info.filename.c_str());
// Eliminate any doubled newlines that crept in. Specifically, if
// DescribeOneFlag() decided to break the line just before "type"
// or "default", we don't want to introduce an extra blank line
static const string line_of_spaces(FLAGS_tab_completion_columns, ' ');
static const char kDoubledNewlines[] = "\n \n";
for (string::size_type newlines = output.find(kDoubledNewlines);
newlines != string::npos;
newlines = output.find(kDoubledNewlines))
// Replace each 'doubled newline' with a single newline
output.replace(newlines, sizeof(kDoubledNewlines) - 1, string("\n"));
for (string::size_type newline = output.find('\n');
newline != string::npos;
newline = output.find('\n')) {
int newline_pos = static_cast<int>(newline) % FLAGS_tab_completion_columns;
int missing_spaces = FLAGS_tab_completion_columns - newline_pos;
output.replace(newline, 1, line_of_spaces, 1, missing_spaces);
}
return output;
}
} // anonymous
void HandleCommandLineCompletions(void) {
if (FLAGS_tab_completion_word.empty()) return;
PrintFlagCompletionInfo();
gflags_exitfunc(0);
}
} // namespace GFLAGS_NAMESPACE