#!/usr/bin/env python # Copyright 2015 The Chromium OS Authors. All rights reserved. # Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be # found in the LICENSE file. """Install an initial test image on a set of DUTs. The methods in this module are meant for two nominally distinct use cases that share a great deal of code internally. The first use case is for deployment of DUTs that have just been placed in the lab for the first time. The second use case is for use after repairing a servo. Newly deployed DUTs may be in a somewhat anomalous state: * The DUTs are running a production base image, not a test image. By extension, the DUTs aren't reachable over SSH. * The DUTs are not necessarily in the AFE database. DUTs that _are_ in the database should be locked. Either way, the DUTs cannot be scheduled to run tests. * The servos for the DUTs need not be configured with the proper board. More broadly, it's not expected that the DUT will be working at the start of this operation. If the DUT isn't working at the end of the operation, an error will be reported. The script performs the following functions: * Configure the servo for the target board, and test that the servo is generally in good order. * For the full deployment case, install dev-signed RO firmware from the designated stable test image for the DUTs. * For both cases, use servo to install the stable test image from USB. * If the DUT isn't in the AFE database, add it. The script imposes these preconditions: * Every DUT has a properly connected servo. * Every DUT and servo have proper DHCP and DNS configurations. * Every servo host is up and running, and accessible via SSH. * There is a known, working test image that can be staged and installed on the target DUTs via servo. * Every DUT has the same board. * For the full deployment case, every DUT must be in dev mode, and configured to allow boot from USB with ctrl+U. The implementation uses the `multiprocessing` module to run all installations in parallel, separate processes. """ import atexit from collections import namedtuple import functools import json import logging import multiprocessing import os import shutil import sys import tempfile import time import traceback from chromite.lib import gs import common from autotest_lib.client.common_lib import error from autotest_lib.client.common_lib import host_states from autotest_lib.client.common_lib import time_utils from autotest_lib.client.common_lib import utils from autotest_lib.server import constants from autotest_lib.server import frontend from autotest_lib.server import hosts from autotest_lib.server.cros.dynamic_suite.constants import VERSION_PREFIX from autotest_lib.server.hosts import afe_store from autotest_lib.server.hosts import servo_host from autotest_lib.site_utils.deployment import commandline from autotest_lib.site_utils.stable_images import assign_stable_images _LOG_FORMAT = '%(asctime)s | %(levelname)-10s | %(message)s' _DEFAULT_POOL = constants.Labels.POOL_PREFIX + 'suites' _DIVIDER = '\n============\n' _LOG_BUCKET_NAME = 'chromeos-install-logs' _OMAHA_STATUS = 'gs://chromeos-build-release-console/omaha_status.json' # Lock reasons we'll pass when locking DUTs, depending on the # host's prior state. _LOCK_REASON_EXISTING = 'Repairing or deploying an existing host' _LOCK_REASON_NEW_HOST = 'Repairing or deploying a new host' _ReportResult = namedtuple('_ReportResult', ['hostname', 'message']) class _NoAFEServoPortError(Exception): """Exception when there is no servo port stored in the AFE.""" class _MultiFileWriter(object): """Group file objects for writing at once.""" def __init__(self, files): """Initialize _MultiFileWriter. @param files Iterable of file objects for writing. """ self._files = files def write(self, s): """Write a string to the files. @param s Write this string. """ for file in self._files: file.write(s) def _get_upload_log_path(arguments): return 'gs://{bucket}/{name}'.format( bucket=_LOG_BUCKET_NAME, name=commandline.get_default_logdir_name(arguments)) def _upload_logs(dirpath, gspath): """Upload report logs to Google Storage. @param dirpath Path to directory containing the logs. @param gspath Path to GS bucket. """ ctx = gs.GSContext() ctx.Copy(dirpath, gspath, recursive=True) def _get_omaha_build(board): """Get the currently preferred Beta channel build for `board`. Open and read through the JSON file provided by GoldenEye that describes what version Omaha is currently serving for all boards on all channels. Find the entry for `board` on the Beta channel, and return that version string. @param board The board to look up from GoldenEye. @return Returns a Chrome OS version string in standard form R##-####.#.#. Will return `None` if no Beta channel entry is found. """ ctx = gs.GSContext() omaha_status = json.loads(ctx.Cat(_OMAHA_STATUS)) omaha_board = board.replace('_', '-') for e in omaha_status['omaha_data']: if (e['channel'] == 'beta' and e['board']['public_codename'] == omaha_board): milestone = e['chrome_version'].split('.')[0] build = e['chrome_os_version'] return 'R%s-%s' % (milestone, build) return None def _update_build(afe, report_log, arguments): """Update the stable_test_versions table. This calls the `set_stable_version` RPC call to set the stable repair version selected by this run of the command. Additionally, this updates the stable firmware for the board. The repair version is selected from three possible versions: * The stable test version currently in the AFE database. * The version Omaha is currently serving as the Beta channel build. * The version supplied by the user. The actual version selected will be whichever of these three is the most up-to-date version. The stable firmware version will be set to whatever firmware is bundled in the selected repair image. If the selected repair image bundles firmware for more than one model, then the firmware for every model in the build will be updated. This function will log information about the available versions prior to selection. After selection the repair and firmware versions slected will be logged. @param afe AFE object for RPC calls. @param report_log File-like object for logging report output. @param arguments Command line arguments with options. @return Returns the version selected. """ # Gather the current AFE and Omaha version settings, and report them # to the user. cros_version_map = afe.get_stable_version_map(afe.CROS_IMAGE_TYPE) fw_version_map = afe.get_stable_version_map(afe.FIRMWARE_IMAGE_TYPE) afe_cros = cros_version_map.get_version(arguments.board) afe_fw = fw_version_map.get_version(arguments.board) omaha_cros = _get_omaha_build(arguments.board) report_log.write('AFE version is %s.\n' % afe_cros) report_log.write('Omaha version is %s.\n' % omaha_cros) report_log.write('AFE firmware is %s.\n' % afe_fw) cros_version = afe_cros # Check whether we should upgrade the repair build to either # the Omaha or the user's requested build. If we do, we must # also update the firmware version. if (omaha_cros is not None and (cros_version is None or utils.compare_versions(cros_version, omaha_cros) < 0)): cros_version = omaha_cros if arguments.build and arguments.build != cros_version: if (cros_version is None or utils.compare_versions(cros_version, arguments.build) < 0): cros_version = arguments.build else: report_log.write('Selected version %s is too old; ' 'using version %s' % (arguments.build, cros_version)) afe_fw_versions = {arguments.board: afe_fw} fw_versions = assign_stable_images.get_firmware_versions( cros_version_map, arguments.board, cros_version) # At this point `cros_version` is our new repair build, and # `fw_version` is our new target firmware. Call the AFE back with # updates as necessary. if not arguments.nostable: if cros_version != afe_cros: cros_version_map.set_version(arguments.board, cros_version) if fw_versions != afe_fw_versions: for model, fw_version in fw_versions.iteritems(): if fw_version is not None: fw_version_map.set_version(model, fw_version) else: fw_version_map.delete_version(model) # Report the new state of the world. report_log.write(_DIVIDER) report_log.write('Repair CrOS version for board %s is now %s.\n' % (arguments.board, cros_version)) for model, fw_version in fw_versions.iteritems(): report_log.write('Firmware version for model %s is now %s.\n' % (model, fw_version)) return cros_version def _create_host(hostname, afe, afe_host): """Create a CrosHost object for a DUT to be installed. @param hostname Hostname of the target DUT. @param afe A frontend.AFE object. @param afe_host AFE Host object for the DUT. """ machine_dict = { 'hostname': hostname, 'afe_host': afe_host, 'host_info_store': afe_store.AfeStore(hostname, afe), } servo_args = hosts.CrosHost.get_servo_arguments({}) return hosts.create_host(machine_dict, servo_args=servo_args) def _try_lock_host(afe_host): """Lock a host in the AFE, and report whether it succeeded. The lock action is logged regardless of success; failures are logged if they occur. @param afe_host AFE Host instance to be locked. @return `True` on success, or `False` on failure. """ try: logging.warning('Locking host now.') afe_host.modify(locked=True, lock_reason=_LOCK_REASON_EXISTING) except Exception as e: logging.exception('Failed to lock: %s', e) return False return True def _try_unlock_host(afe_host): """Unlock a host in the AFE, and report whether it succeeded. The unlock action is logged regardless of success; failures are logged if they occur. @param afe_host AFE Host instance to be unlocked. @return `True` on success, or `False` on failure. """ try: logging.warning('Unlocking host.') afe_host.modify(locked=False, lock_reason='') except Exception as e: logging.exception('Failed to unlock: %s', e) return False return True def _update_host_attributes(afe, hostname, host_attrs): """Update the attributes for a given host. @param afe AFE object for RPC calls. @param hostname Host name of the DUT. @param host_attrs Dictionary with attributes to be applied to the host. """ # Grab the servo hostname/port/serial from `host_attrs` if supplied. # For new servo V4 deployments, we require the user to supply the # attributes (because there are no appropriate defaults). So, if # none are supplied, we assume it can't be V4, and apply the # defaults for servo V3. host_attr_servo_host = host_attrs.get(servo_host.SERVO_HOST_ATTR) host_attr_servo_port = host_attrs.get(servo_host.SERVO_PORT_ATTR) host_attr_servo_serial = host_attrs.get(servo_host.SERVO_SERIAL_ATTR) servo_hostname = (host_attr_servo_host or servo_host.make_servo_hostname(hostname)) servo_port = (host_attr_servo_port or str(servo_host.ServoHost.DEFAULT_PORT)) afe.set_host_attribute(servo_host.SERVO_HOST_ATTR, servo_hostname, hostname=hostname) afe.set_host_attribute(servo_host.SERVO_PORT_ATTR, servo_port, hostname=hostname) if host_attr_servo_serial: afe.set_host_attribute(servo_host.SERVO_SERIAL_ATTR, host_attr_servo_serial, hostname=hostname) def _get_afe_host(afe, hostname, host_attrs, arguments): """Get an AFE Host object for the given host. If the host is found in the database, return the object from the RPC call with the updated attributes in host_attr_dict. If no host is found, create one with appropriate servo attributes and the given board label. @param afe AFE object for RPC calls. @param hostname Host name of the DUT. @param host_attrs Dictionary with attributes to be applied to the host. @param arguments Command line arguments with options. @return A tuple of the afe_host, plus a flag. The flag indicates whether the Host should be unlocked if subsequent operations fail. (Hosts are always unlocked after success). """ hostlist = afe.get_hosts([hostname]) unlock_on_failure = False if hostlist: afe_host = hostlist[0] if not afe_host.locked: if _try_lock_host(afe_host): unlock_on_failure = True else: raise Exception('Failed to lock host') if afe_host.status not in host_states.IDLE_STATES: if unlock_on_failure and not _try_unlock_host(afe_host): raise Exception('Host is in use, and failed to unlock it') raise Exception('Host is in use by Autotest') # This host was pre-existing; if the user didn't supply # attributes, don't update them, because the defaults may # not be correct. if host_attrs: _update_host_attributes(afe, hostname, host_attrs) else: afe_host = afe.create_host(hostname, locked=True, lock_reason=_LOCK_REASON_NEW_HOST) afe_host.add_labels([constants.Labels.BOARD_PREFIX + arguments.board]) _update_host_attributes(afe, hostname, host_attrs) afe_host = afe.get_hosts([hostname])[0] return afe_host, unlock_on_failure def _install_firmware(host): """Install dev-signed firmware after removing write-protect. At start, it's assumed that hardware write-protect is disabled, the DUT is in dev mode, and the servo's USB stick already has a test image installed. The firmware is installed by powering on and typing ctrl+U on the keyboard in order to boot the the test image from USB. Once the DUT is booted, we run a series of commands to install the read-only firmware from the test image. Then we clear debug mode, and shut down. @param host Host instance to use for servo and ssh operations. """ servo = host.servo # First power on. We sleep to allow the firmware plenty of time # to display the dev-mode screen; some boards take their time to # be ready for the ctrl+U after power on. servo.get_power_state_controller().power_off() servo.switch_usbkey('dut') servo.get_power_state_controller().power_on() time.sleep(10) # Dev mode screen should be up now: type ctrl+U and wait for # boot from USB to finish. servo.ctrl_u() if not host.wait_up(timeout=host.USB_BOOT_TIMEOUT): raise Exception('DUT failed to boot in dev mode for ' 'firmware update') # Disable software-controlled write-protect for both FPROMs, and # install the RO firmware. for fprom in ['host', 'ec']: host.run('flashrom -p %s --wp-disable' % fprom, ignore_status=True) host.run('chromeos-firmwareupdate --mode=factory') # Get us out of dev-mode and clear GBB flags. GBB flags are # non-zero because boot from USB was enabled. host.run('/usr/share/vboot/bin/set_gbb_flags.sh 0', ignore_status=True) host.run('crossystem disable_dev_request=1', ignore_status=True) host.halt() def _install_test_image(host, arguments): """Install a test image to the DUT. Install a stable test image on the DUT using the full servo repair flow. @param host Host instance for the DUT being installed. @param arguments Command line arguments with options. """ # Don't timeout probing for the host usb device, there could be a bunch # of servos probing at the same time on the same servo host. And # since we can't pass None through the xml rpcs, use 0 to indicate None. if not host.servo.probe_host_usb_dev(timeout=0): raise Exception('No USB stick detected on Servo host') try: if not arguments.noinstall: if not arguments.nostage: host.servo.image_to_servo_usb( host.stage_image_for_servo()) if arguments.full_deploy: _install_firmware(host) host.servo_install() except error.AutoservRunError as e: logging.exception('Failed to install: %s', e) raise Exception('chromeos-install failed') finally: host.close() def _install_and_update_afe(afe, hostname, host_attrs, arguments): """Perform all installation and AFE updates. First, lock the host if it exists and is unlocked. Then, install the test image on the DUT. At the end, unlock the DUT, unless the installation failed and the DUT was locked before we started. If installation succeeds, make sure the DUT is in the AFE, and make sure that it has basic labels. @param afe AFE object for RPC calls. @param hostname Host name of the DUT. @param host_attrs Dictionary with attributes to be applied to the host. @param arguments Command line arguments with options. """ afe_host, unlock_on_failure = _get_afe_host(afe, hostname, host_attrs, arguments) try: host = _create_host(hostname, afe, afe_host) _install_test_image(host, arguments) host.labels.update_labels(host) platform_labels = afe.get_labels( host__hostname=hostname, platform=True) if not platform_labels: platform = host.get_platform() new_labels = afe.get_labels(name=platform) if not new_labels: afe.create_label(platform, platform=True) afe_host.add_labels([platform]) version = [label for label in afe_host.labels if label.startswith(VERSION_PREFIX)] if version: afe_host.remove_labels(version) except Exception as e: if unlock_on_failure and not _try_unlock_host(afe_host): logging.error('Failed to unlock host!') raise if not _try_unlock_host(afe_host): raise Exception('Install succeeded, but failed to unlock the DUT.') def _install_dut(arguments, host_attr_dict, hostname): """Deploy or repair a single DUT. @param arguments Command line arguments with options. @param host_attr_dict Dict mapping hostnames to attributes to be stored in the AFE. @param hostname Host name of the DUT to install on. @return On success, return `None`. On failure, return a string with an error message. """ # In some cases, autotest code that we call during install may # put stuff onto stdout with 'print' statements. Most notably, # the AFE frontend may print 'FAILED RPC CALL' (boo, hiss). We # want nothing from this subprocess going to the output we # inherited from our parent, so redirect stdout and stderr, before # we make any AFE calls. Note that this is reasonable because we're # in a subprocess. logpath = os.path.join(arguments.logdir, hostname + '.log') logfile = open(logpath, 'w') sys.stderr = sys.stdout = logfile _configure_logging_to_file(logfile) afe = frontend.AFE(server=arguments.web) try: _install_and_update_afe(afe, hostname, host_attr_dict.get(hostname, {}), arguments) except Exception as e: logging.exception('Original exception: %s', e) return str(e) return None def _report_hosts(report_log, heading, host_results_list): """Report results for a list of hosts. To improve visibility, results are preceded by a header line, followed by a divider line. Then results are printed, one host per line. @param report_log File-like object for logging report output. @param heading The header string to be printed before results. @param host_results_list A list of _ReportResult tuples to be printed one per line. """ if not host_results_list: return report_log.write(heading) report_log.write(_DIVIDER) for result in host_results_list: report_log.write('{result.hostname:30} {result.message}\n' .format(result=result)) report_log.write('\n') def _report_results(afe, report_log, hostnames, results): """Gather and report a summary of results from installation. Segregate results into successes and failures, reporting each separately. At the end, report the total of successes and failures. @param afe AFE object for RPC calls. @param report_log File-like object for logging report output. @param hostnames List of the hostnames that were tested. @param results List of error messages, in the same order as the hostnames. `None` means the corresponding host succeeded. """ successful_hosts = [] success_reports = [] failure_reports = [] for result, hostname in zip(results, hostnames): if result is None: successful_hosts.append(hostname) else: failure_reports.append(_ReportResult(hostname, result)) if successful_hosts: afe.reverify_hosts(hostnames=successful_hosts) for h in afe.get_hosts(hostnames=successful_hosts): for label in h.labels: if label.startswith(constants.Labels.POOL_PREFIX): result = _ReportResult(h.hostname, 'Host already in %s' % label) success_reports.append(result) break else: h.add_labels([_DEFAULT_POOL]) result = _ReportResult(h.hostname, 'Host added to %s' % _DEFAULT_POOL) success_reports.append(result) report_log.write(_DIVIDER) _report_hosts(report_log, 'Successes', success_reports) _report_hosts(report_log, 'Failures', failure_reports) report_log.write( 'Installation complete: %d successes, %d failures.\n' % (len(success_reports), len(failure_reports))) def _clear_root_logger_handlers(): """Remove all handlers from root logger.""" root_logger = logging.getLogger() for h in root_logger.handlers: root_logger.removeHandler(h) def _configure_logging_to_file(logfile): """Configure the logging module for `install_duts()`. @param log_file Log file object. """ _clear_root_logger_handlers() handler = logging.StreamHandler(logfile) formatter = logging.Formatter(_LOG_FORMAT, time_utils.TIME_FMT) handler.setFormatter(formatter) root_logger = logging.getLogger() root_logger.addHandler(handler) def _get_used_servo_ports(servo_hostname, afe): """ Return a list of used servo ports for the given servo host. @param servo_hostname: Hostname of the servo host to check for. @param afe: AFE instance. @returns a list of used ports for the given servo host. """ used_ports = [] host_list = afe.get_hosts_by_attribute( attribute=servo_host.SERVO_HOST_ATTR, value=servo_hostname) for host in host_list: afe_host = afe.get_hosts(hostname=host) if afe_host: servo_port = afe_host[0].attributes.get(servo_host.SERVO_PORT_ATTR) if servo_port: used_ports.append(int(servo_port)) return used_ports def _get_free_servo_port(servo_hostname, used_servo_ports, afe): """ Get a free servo port for the servo_host. @param servo_hostname: Hostname of the servo host. @param used_servo_ports: Dict of dicts that contain the list of used ports for the given servo host. @param afe: AFE instance. @returns a free servo port if servo_hostname is non-empty, otherwise an empty string. """ used_ports = [] servo_port = servo_host.ServoHost.DEFAULT_PORT # If no servo hostname was specified we can assume we're dealing with a # servo v3 or older deployment since the servo hostname can be # inferred from the dut hostname (by appending '-servo' to it). We only # need to find a free port if we're using a servo v4 since we can use the # default port for v3 and older. if not servo_hostname: return '' # If we haven't checked this servo host yet, check the AFE if other duts # used this servo host and grab the ports specified for them. elif servo_hostname not in used_servo_ports: used_ports = _get_used_servo_ports(servo_hostname, afe) else: used_ports = used_servo_ports[servo_hostname] used_ports.sort() if used_ports: # Range is taken from servod.py in hdctools. start_port = servo_host.ServoHost.DEFAULT_PORT end_port = start_port - 99 # We'll choose first port available in descending order. for port in xrange(start_port, end_port - 1, -1): if port not in used_ports: servo_port = port break used_ports.append(servo_port) used_servo_ports[servo_hostname] = used_ports return servo_port def _get_afe_servo_port(host_info, afe): """ Get the servo port from the afe if it matches the same servo host hostname. @param host_info HostInfo tuple (hostname, host_attr_dict). @returns Servo port (int) if servo host hostname matches the one specified host_info.host_attr_dict, otherwise None. @raises _NoAFEServoPortError: When there is no stored host info or servo port host attribute in the AFE for the given host. """ afe_hosts = afe.get_hosts(hostname=host_info.hostname) if not afe_hosts: raise _NoAFEServoPortError servo_port = afe_hosts[0].attributes.get(servo_host.SERVO_PORT_ATTR) afe_servo_host = afe_hosts[0].attributes.get(servo_host.SERVO_HOST_ATTR) host_info_servo_host = host_info.host_attr_dict.get( servo_host.SERVO_HOST_ATTR) if afe_servo_host == host_info_servo_host and servo_port: return int(servo_port) else: raise _NoAFEServoPortError def _get_host_attributes(host_info_list, afe): """ Get host attributes if a hostname_file was supplied. @param host_info_list List of HostInfo tuples (hostname, host_attr_dict). @returns Dict of attributes from host_info_list. """ host_attributes = {} # We need to choose servo ports for these hosts but we need to make sure # we don't choose ports already used. We'll store all used ports in a # dict of lists where the key is the servo_host and the val is a list of # ports used. used_servo_ports = {} for host_info in host_info_list: host_attr_dict = host_info.host_attr_dict # If the host already has an entry in the AFE that matches the same # servo host hostname and the servo port is set, use that port. try: host_attr_dict[servo_host.SERVO_PORT_ATTR] = _get_afe_servo_port( host_info, afe) except _NoAFEServoPortError: host_attr_dict[servo_host.SERVO_PORT_ATTR] = _get_free_servo_port( host_attr_dict[servo_host.SERVO_HOST_ATTR], used_servo_ports, afe) host_attributes[host_info.hostname] = host_attr_dict return host_attributes def install_duts(argv, full_deploy): """Install a test image on DUTs, and deploy them. This handles command line parsing for both the repair and deployment commands. The two operations are largely identical; the main difference is that full deployment includes flashing dev-signed firmware on the DUT prior to installing the test image. @param argv Command line arguments to be parsed. @param full_deploy If true, do the full deployment that includes flashing dev-signed RO firmware onto the DUT. """ # Override tempfile.tempdir. Some of the autotest code we call # will create temporary files that don't get cleaned up. So, we # put the temp files in our results directory, so that we can # clean up everything in one fell swoop. tempfile.tempdir = tempfile.mkdtemp() # MALCOLM: # Be comforted. # Let's make us med'cines of our great revenge, # To cure this deadly grief. atexit.register(shutil.rmtree, tempfile.tempdir) arguments = commandline.parse_command(argv, full_deploy) if not arguments: sys.exit(1) sys.stderr.write('Installation output logs in %s\n' % arguments.logdir) # We don't want to distract the user with logging output, so we catch # logging output in a file. logging_file_path = os.path.join(arguments.logdir, 'debug.log') logfile = open(logging_file_path, 'w') _configure_logging_to_file(logfile) report_log_path = os.path.join(arguments.logdir, 'report.log') with open(report_log_path, 'w') as report_log_file: report_log = _MultiFileWriter([report_log_file, sys.stdout]) afe = frontend.AFE(server=arguments.web) current_build = _update_build(afe, report_log, arguments) host_attr_dict = _get_host_attributes(arguments.host_info_list, afe) install_pool = multiprocessing.Pool(len(arguments.hostnames)) install_function = functools.partial(_install_dut, arguments, host_attr_dict) results_list = install_pool.map(install_function, arguments.hostnames) _report_results(afe, report_log, arguments.hostnames, results_list) gspath = _get_upload_log_path(arguments) report_log.write('Logs will be uploaded to %s\n' % (gspath,)) try: _upload_logs(arguments.logdir, gspath) except Exception as e: upload_failure_log_path = os.path.join(arguments.logdir, 'gs_upload_failure.log') with open(upload_failure_log_path, 'w') as file: traceback.print_exc(limit=None, file=file) sys.stderr.write('Failed to upload logs;' ' failure details are stored in {}.\n' .format(upload_failure_log_path))