//===- PromoteMemoryToRegister.cpp - Convert allocas to registers ---------===// // // The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure // // This file is distributed under the University of Illinois Open Source // License. See LICENSE.TXT for details. // //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===// // // This file promotes memory references to be register references. It promotes // alloca instructions which only have loads and stores as uses. An alloca is // transformed by using iterated dominator frontiers to place PHI nodes, then // traversing the function in depth-first order to rewrite loads and stores as // appropriate. // //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===// #include "llvm/Transforms/Utils/PromoteMemToReg.h" #include "llvm/ADT/ArrayRef.h" #include "llvm/ADT/DenseMap.h" #include "llvm/ADT/STLExtras.h" #include "llvm/ADT/SmallPtrSet.h" #include "llvm/ADT/SmallVector.h" #include "llvm/ADT/Statistic.h" #include "llvm/Analysis/AliasSetTracker.h" #include "llvm/Analysis/InstructionSimplify.h" #include "llvm/Analysis/IteratedDominanceFrontier.h" #include "llvm/Analysis/ValueTracking.h" #include "llvm/IR/CFG.h" #include "llvm/IR/Constants.h" #include "llvm/IR/DIBuilder.h" #include "llvm/IR/DebugInfo.h" #include "llvm/IR/DerivedTypes.h" #include "llvm/IR/Dominators.h" #include "llvm/IR/Function.h" #include "llvm/IR/Instructions.h" #include "llvm/IR/IntrinsicInst.h" #include "llvm/IR/Metadata.h" #include "llvm/IR/Module.h" #include "llvm/Transforms/Utils/Local.h" #include <algorithm> using namespace llvm; #define DEBUG_TYPE "mem2reg" STATISTIC(NumLocalPromoted, "Number of alloca's promoted within one block"); STATISTIC(NumSingleStore, "Number of alloca's promoted with a single store"); STATISTIC(NumDeadAlloca, "Number of dead alloca's removed"); STATISTIC(NumPHIInsert, "Number of PHI nodes inserted"); bool llvm::isAllocaPromotable(const AllocaInst *AI) { // FIXME: If the memory unit is of pointer or integer type, we can permit // assignments to subsections of the memory unit. unsigned AS = AI->getType()->getAddressSpace(); // Only allow direct and non-volatile loads and stores... for (const User *U : AI->users()) { if (const LoadInst *LI = dyn_cast<LoadInst>(U)) { // Note that atomic loads can be transformed; atomic semantics do // not have any meaning for a local alloca. if (LI->isVolatile()) return false; } else if (const StoreInst *SI = dyn_cast<StoreInst>(U)) { if (SI->getOperand(0) == AI) return false; // Don't allow a store OF the AI, only INTO the AI. // Note that atomic stores can be transformed; atomic semantics do // not have any meaning for a local alloca. if (SI->isVolatile()) return false; } else if (const IntrinsicInst *II = dyn_cast<IntrinsicInst>(U)) { if (II->getIntrinsicID() != Intrinsic::lifetime_start && II->getIntrinsicID() != Intrinsic::lifetime_end) return false; } else if (const BitCastInst *BCI = dyn_cast<BitCastInst>(U)) { if (BCI->getType() != Type::getInt8PtrTy(U->getContext(), AS)) return false; if (!onlyUsedByLifetimeMarkers(BCI)) return false; } else if (const GetElementPtrInst *GEPI = dyn_cast<GetElementPtrInst>(U)) { if (GEPI->getType() != Type::getInt8PtrTy(U->getContext(), AS)) return false; if (!GEPI->hasAllZeroIndices()) return false; if (!onlyUsedByLifetimeMarkers(GEPI)) return false; } else { return false; } } return true; } namespace { struct AllocaInfo { SmallVector<BasicBlock *, 32> DefiningBlocks; SmallVector<BasicBlock *, 32> UsingBlocks; StoreInst *OnlyStore; BasicBlock *OnlyBlock; bool OnlyUsedInOneBlock; Value *AllocaPointerVal; DbgDeclareInst *DbgDeclare; void clear() { DefiningBlocks.clear(); UsingBlocks.clear(); OnlyStore = nullptr; OnlyBlock = nullptr; OnlyUsedInOneBlock = true; AllocaPointerVal = nullptr; DbgDeclare = nullptr; } /// Scan the uses of the specified alloca, filling in the AllocaInfo used /// by the rest of the pass to reason about the uses of this alloca. void AnalyzeAlloca(AllocaInst *AI) { clear(); // As we scan the uses of the alloca instruction, keep track of stores, // and decide whether all of the loads and stores to the alloca are within // the same basic block. for (auto UI = AI->user_begin(), E = AI->user_end(); UI != E;) { Instruction *User = cast<Instruction>(*UI++); if (StoreInst *SI = dyn_cast<StoreInst>(User)) { // Remember the basic blocks which define new values for the alloca DefiningBlocks.push_back(SI->getParent()); AllocaPointerVal = SI->getOperand(0); OnlyStore = SI; } else { LoadInst *LI = cast<LoadInst>(User); // Otherwise it must be a load instruction, keep track of variable // reads. UsingBlocks.push_back(LI->getParent()); AllocaPointerVal = LI; } if (OnlyUsedInOneBlock) { if (!OnlyBlock) OnlyBlock = User->getParent(); else if (OnlyBlock != User->getParent()) OnlyUsedInOneBlock = false; } } DbgDeclare = FindAllocaDbgDeclare(AI); } }; // Data package used by RenamePass() class RenamePassData { public: typedef std::vector<Value *> ValVector; RenamePassData() : BB(nullptr), Pred(nullptr), Values() {} RenamePassData(BasicBlock *B, BasicBlock *P, const ValVector &V) : BB(B), Pred(P), Values(V) {} BasicBlock *BB; BasicBlock *Pred; ValVector Values; void swap(RenamePassData &RHS) { std::swap(BB, RHS.BB); std::swap(Pred, RHS.Pred); Values.swap(RHS.Values); } }; /// \brief This assigns and keeps a per-bb relative ordering of load/store /// instructions in the block that directly load or store an alloca. /// /// This functionality is important because it avoids scanning large basic /// blocks multiple times when promoting many allocas in the same block. class LargeBlockInfo { /// \brief For each instruction that we track, keep the index of the /// instruction. /// /// The index starts out as the number of the instruction from the start of /// the block. DenseMap<const Instruction *, unsigned> InstNumbers; public: /// This code only looks at accesses to allocas. static bool isInterestingInstruction(const Instruction *I) { return (isa<LoadInst>(I) && isa<AllocaInst>(I->getOperand(0))) || (isa<StoreInst>(I) && isa<AllocaInst>(I->getOperand(1))); } /// Get or calculate the index of the specified instruction. unsigned getInstructionIndex(const Instruction *I) { assert(isInterestingInstruction(I) && "Not a load/store to/from an alloca?"); // If we already have this instruction number, return it. DenseMap<const Instruction *, unsigned>::iterator It = InstNumbers.find(I); if (It != InstNumbers.end()) return It->second; // Scan the whole block to get the instruction. This accumulates // information for every interesting instruction in the block, in order to // avoid gratuitus rescans. const BasicBlock *BB = I->getParent(); unsigned InstNo = 0; for (const Instruction &BBI : *BB) if (isInterestingInstruction(&BBI)) InstNumbers[&BBI] = InstNo++; It = InstNumbers.find(I); assert(It != InstNumbers.end() && "Didn't insert instruction?"); return It->second; } void deleteValue(const Instruction *I) { InstNumbers.erase(I); } void clear() { InstNumbers.clear(); } }; struct PromoteMem2Reg { /// The alloca instructions being promoted. std::vector<AllocaInst *> Allocas; DominatorTree &DT; DIBuilder DIB; /// An AliasSetTracker object to update. If null, don't update it. AliasSetTracker *AST; /// A cache of @llvm.assume intrinsics used by SimplifyInstruction. AssumptionCache *AC; /// Reverse mapping of Allocas. DenseMap<AllocaInst *, unsigned> AllocaLookup; /// \brief The PhiNodes we're adding. /// /// That map is used to simplify some Phi nodes as we iterate over it, so /// it should have deterministic iterators. We could use a MapVector, but /// since we already maintain a map from BasicBlock* to a stable numbering /// (BBNumbers), the DenseMap is more efficient (also supports removal). DenseMap<std::pair<unsigned, unsigned>, PHINode *> NewPhiNodes; /// For each PHI node, keep track of which entry in Allocas it corresponds /// to. DenseMap<PHINode *, unsigned> PhiToAllocaMap; /// If we are updating an AliasSetTracker, then for each alloca that is of /// pointer type, we keep track of what to copyValue to the inserted PHI /// nodes here. std::vector<Value *> PointerAllocaValues; /// For each alloca, we keep track of the dbg.declare intrinsic that /// describes it, if any, so that we can convert it to a dbg.value /// intrinsic if the alloca gets promoted. SmallVector<DbgDeclareInst *, 8> AllocaDbgDeclares; /// The set of basic blocks the renamer has already visited. /// SmallPtrSet<BasicBlock *, 16> Visited; /// Contains a stable numbering of basic blocks to avoid non-determinstic /// behavior. DenseMap<BasicBlock *, unsigned> BBNumbers; /// Lazily compute the number of predecessors a block has. DenseMap<const BasicBlock *, unsigned> BBNumPreds; public: PromoteMem2Reg(ArrayRef<AllocaInst *> Allocas, DominatorTree &DT, AliasSetTracker *AST, AssumptionCache *AC) : Allocas(Allocas.begin(), Allocas.end()), DT(DT), DIB(*DT.getRoot()->getParent()->getParent(), /*AllowUnresolved*/ false), AST(AST), AC(AC) {} void run(); private: void RemoveFromAllocasList(unsigned &AllocaIdx) { Allocas[AllocaIdx] = Allocas.back(); Allocas.pop_back(); --AllocaIdx; } unsigned getNumPreds(const BasicBlock *BB) { unsigned &NP = BBNumPreds[BB]; if (NP == 0) NP = std::distance(pred_begin(BB), pred_end(BB)) + 1; return NP - 1; } void ComputeLiveInBlocks(AllocaInst *AI, AllocaInfo &Info, const SmallPtrSetImpl<BasicBlock *> &DefBlocks, SmallPtrSetImpl<BasicBlock *> &LiveInBlocks); void RenamePass(BasicBlock *BB, BasicBlock *Pred, RenamePassData::ValVector &IncVals, std::vector<RenamePassData> &Worklist); bool QueuePhiNode(BasicBlock *BB, unsigned AllocaIdx, unsigned &Version); }; } // end of anonymous namespace static void removeLifetimeIntrinsicUsers(AllocaInst *AI) { // Knowing that this alloca is promotable, we know that it's safe to kill all // instructions except for load and store. for (auto UI = AI->user_begin(), UE = AI->user_end(); UI != UE;) { Instruction *I = cast<Instruction>(*UI); ++UI; if (isa<LoadInst>(I) || isa<StoreInst>(I)) continue; if (!I->getType()->isVoidTy()) { // The only users of this bitcast/GEP instruction are lifetime intrinsics. // Follow the use/def chain to erase them now instead of leaving it for // dead code elimination later. for (auto UUI = I->user_begin(), UUE = I->user_end(); UUI != UUE;) { Instruction *Inst = cast<Instruction>(*UUI); ++UUI; Inst->eraseFromParent(); } } I->eraseFromParent(); } } /// \brief Rewrite as many loads as possible given a single store. /// /// When there is only a single store, we can use the domtree to trivially /// replace all of the dominated loads with the stored value. Do so, and return /// true if this has successfully promoted the alloca entirely. If this returns /// false there were some loads which were not dominated by the single store /// and thus must be phi-ed with undef. We fall back to the standard alloca /// promotion algorithm in that case. static bool rewriteSingleStoreAlloca(AllocaInst *AI, AllocaInfo &Info, LargeBlockInfo &LBI, DominatorTree &DT, AliasSetTracker *AST) { StoreInst *OnlyStore = Info.OnlyStore; bool StoringGlobalVal = !isa<Instruction>(OnlyStore->getOperand(0)); BasicBlock *StoreBB = OnlyStore->getParent(); int StoreIndex = -1; // Clear out UsingBlocks. We will reconstruct it here if needed. Info.UsingBlocks.clear(); for (auto UI = AI->user_begin(), E = AI->user_end(); UI != E;) { Instruction *UserInst = cast<Instruction>(*UI++); if (!isa<LoadInst>(UserInst)) { assert(UserInst == OnlyStore && "Should only have load/stores"); continue; } LoadInst *LI = cast<LoadInst>(UserInst); // Okay, if we have a load from the alloca, we want to replace it with the // only value stored to the alloca. We can do this if the value is // dominated by the store. If not, we use the rest of the mem2reg machinery // to insert the phi nodes as needed. if (!StoringGlobalVal) { // Non-instructions are always dominated. if (LI->getParent() == StoreBB) { // If we have a use that is in the same block as the store, compare the // indices of the two instructions to see which one came first. If the // load came before the store, we can't handle it. if (StoreIndex == -1) StoreIndex = LBI.getInstructionIndex(OnlyStore); if (unsigned(StoreIndex) > LBI.getInstructionIndex(LI)) { // Can't handle this load, bail out. Info.UsingBlocks.push_back(StoreBB); continue; } } else if (LI->getParent() != StoreBB && !DT.dominates(StoreBB, LI->getParent())) { // If the load and store are in different blocks, use BB dominance to // check their relationships. If the store doesn't dom the use, bail // out. Info.UsingBlocks.push_back(LI->getParent()); continue; } } // Otherwise, we *can* safely rewrite this load. Value *ReplVal = OnlyStore->getOperand(0); // If the replacement value is the load, this must occur in unreachable // code. if (ReplVal == LI) ReplVal = UndefValue::get(LI->getType()); LI->replaceAllUsesWith(ReplVal); if (AST && LI->getType()->isPointerTy()) AST->deleteValue(LI); LI->eraseFromParent(); LBI.deleteValue(LI); } // Finally, after the scan, check to see if the store is all that is left. if (!Info.UsingBlocks.empty()) return false; // If not, we'll have to fall back for the remainder. // Record debuginfo for the store and remove the declaration's // debuginfo. if (DbgDeclareInst *DDI = Info.DbgDeclare) { DIBuilder DIB(*AI->getModule(), /*AllowUnresolved*/ false); ConvertDebugDeclareToDebugValue(DDI, Info.OnlyStore, DIB); DDI->eraseFromParent(); LBI.deleteValue(DDI); } // Remove the (now dead) store and alloca. Info.OnlyStore->eraseFromParent(); LBI.deleteValue(Info.OnlyStore); if (AST) AST->deleteValue(AI); AI->eraseFromParent(); LBI.deleteValue(AI); return true; } /// Many allocas are only used within a single basic block. If this is the /// case, avoid traversing the CFG and inserting a lot of potentially useless /// PHI nodes by just performing a single linear pass over the basic block /// using the Alloca. /// /// If we cannot promote this alloca (because it is read before it is written), /// return false. This is necessary in cases where, due to control flow, the /// alloca is undefined only on some control flow paths. e.g. code like /// this is correct in LLVM IR: /// // A is an alloca with no stores so far /// for (...) { /// int t = *A; /// if (!first_iteration) /// use(t); /// *A = 42; /// } static bool promoteSingleBlockAlloca(AllocaInst *AI, const AllocaInfo &Info, LargeBlockInfo &LBI, AliasSetTracker *AST) { // The trickiest case to handle is when we have large blocks. Because of this, // this code is optimized assuming that large blocks happen. This does not // significantly pessimize the small block case. This uses LargeBlockInfo to // make it efficient to get the index of various operations in the block. // Walk the use-def list of the alloca, getting the locations of all stores. typedef SmallVector<std::pair<unsigned, StoreInst *>, 64> StoresByIndexTy; StoresByIndexTy StoresByIndex; for (User *U : AI->users()) if (StoreInst *SI = dyn_cast<StoreInst>(U)) StoresByIndex.push_back(std::make_pair(LBI.getInstructionIndex(SI), SI)); // Sort the stores by their index, making it efficient to do a lookup with a // binary search. std::sort(StoresByIndex.begin(), StoresByIndex.end(), less_first()); // Walk all of the loads from this alloca, replacing them with the nearest // store above them, if any. for (auto UI = AI->user_begin(), E = AI->user_end(); UI != E;) { LoadInst *LI = dyn_cast<LoadInst>(*UI++); if (!LI) continue; unsigned LoadIdx = LBI.getInstructionIndex(LI); // Find the nearest store that has a lower index than this load. StoresByIndexTy::iterator I = std::lower_bound(StoresByIndex.begin(), StoresByIndex.end(), std::make_pair(LoadIdx, static_cast<StoreInst *>(nullptr)), less_first()); if (I == StoresByIndex.begin()) { if (StoresByIndex.empty()) // If there are no stores, the load takes the undef value. LI->replaceAllUsesWith(UndefValue::get(LI->getType())); else // There is no store before this load, bail out (load may be affected // by the following stores - see main comment). return false; } else // Otherwise, there was a store before this load, the load takes its value. LI->replaceAllUsesWith(std::prev(I)->second->getOperand(0)); if (AST && LI->getType()->isPointerTy()) AST->deleteValue(LI); LI->eraseFromParent(); LBI.deleteValue(LI); } // Remove the (now dead) stores and alloca. while (!AI->use_empty()) { StoreInst *SI = cast<StoreInst>(AI->user_back()); // Record debuginfo for the store before removing it. if (DbgDeclareInst *DDI = Info.DbgDeclare) { DIBuilder DIB(*AI->getModule(), /*AllowUnresolved*/ false); ConvertDebugDeclareToDebugValue(DDI, SI, DIB); } SI->eraseFromParent(); LBI.deleteValue(SI); } if (AST) AST->deleteValue(AI); AI->eraseFromParent(); LBI.deleteValue(AI); // The alloca's debuginfo can be removed as well. if (DbgDeclareInst *DDI = Info.DbgDeclare) { DDI->eraseFromParent(); LBI.deleteValue(DDI); } ++NumLocalPromoted; return true; } void PromoteMem2Reg::run() { Function &F = *DT.getRoot()->getParent(); if (AST) PointerAllocaValues.resize(Allocas.size()); AllocaDbgDeclares.resize(Allocas.size()); AllocaInfo Info; LargeBlockInfo LBI; IDFCalculator IDF(DT); for (unsigned AllocaNum = 0; AllocaNum != Allocas.size(); ++AllocaNum) { AllocaInst *AI = Allocas[AllocaNum]; assert(isAllocaPromotable(AI) && "Cannot promote non-promotable alloca!"); assert(AI->getParent()->getParent() == &F && "All allocas should be in the same function, which is same as DF!"); removeLifetimeIntrinsicUsers(AI); if (AI->use_empty()) { // If there are no uses of the alloca, just delete it now. if (AST) AST->deleteValue(AI); AI->eraseFromParent(); // Remove the alloca from the Allocas list, since it has been processed RemoveFromAllocasList(AllocaNum); ++NumDeadAlloca; continue; } // Calculate the set of read and write-locations for each alloca. This is // analogous to finding the 'uses' and 'definitions' of each variable. Info.AnalyzeAlloca(AI); // If there is only a single store to this value, replace any loads of // it that are directly dominated by the definition with the value stored. if (Info.DefiningBlocks.size() == 1) { if (rewriteSingleStoreAlloca(AI, Info, LBI, DT, AST)) { // The alloca has been processed, move on. RemoveFromAllocasList(AllocaNum); ++NumSingleStore; continue; } } // If the alloca is only read and written in one basic block, just perform a // linear sweep over the block to eliminate it. if (Info.OnlyUsedInOneBlock && promoteSingleBlockAlloca(AI, Info, LBI, AST)) { // The alloca has been processed, move on. RemoveFromAllocasList(AllocaNum); continue; } // If we haven't computed a numbering for the BB's in the function, do so // now. if (BBNumbers.empty()) { unsigned ID = 0; for (auto &BB : F) BBNumbers[&BB] = ID++; } // If we have an AST to keep updated, remember some pointer value that is // stored into the alloca. if (AST) PointerAllocaValues[AllocaNum] = Info.AllocaPointerVal; // Remember the dbg.declare intrinsic describing this alloca, if any. if (Info.DbgDeclare) AllocaDbgDeclares[AllocaNum] = Info.DbgDeclare; // Keep the reverse mapping of the 'Allocas' array for the rename pass. AllocaLookup[Allocas[AllocaNum]] = AllocaNum; // At this point, we're committed to promoting the alloca using IDF's, and // the standard SSA construction algorithm. Determine which blocks need PHI // nodes and see if we can optimize out some work by avoiding insertion of // dead phi nodes. // Unique the set of defining blocks for efficient lookup. SmallPtrSet<BasicBlock *, 32> DefBlocks; DefBlocks.insert(Info.DefiningBlocks.begin(), Info.DefiningBlocks.end()); // Determine which blocks the value is live in. These are blocks which lead // to uses. SmallPtrSet<BasicBlock *, 32> LiveInBlocks; ComputeLiveInBlocks(AI, Info, DefBlocks, LiveInBlocks); // At this point, we're committed to promoting the alloca using IDF's, and // the standard SSA construction algorithm. Determine which blocks need phi // nodes and see if we can optimize out some work by avoiding insertion of // dead phi nodes. IDF.setLiveInBlocks(LiveInBlocks); IDF.setDefiningBlocks(DefBlocks); SmallVector<BasicBlock *, 32> PHIBlocks; IDF.calculate(PHIBlocks); if (PHIBlocks.size() > 1) std::sort(PHIBlocks.begin(), PHIBlocks.end(), [this](BasicBlock *A, BasicBlock *B) { return BBNumbers.lookup(A) < BBNumbers.lookup(B); }); unsigned CurrentVersion = 0; for (unsigned i = 0, e = PHIBlocks.size(); i != e; ++i) QueuePhiNode(PHIBlocks[i], AllocaNum, CurrentVersion); } if (Allocas.empty()) return; // All of the allocas must have been trivial! LBI.clear(); // Set the incoming values for the basic block to be null values for all of // the alloca's. We do this in case there is a load of a value that has not // been stored yet. In this case, it will get this null value. // RenamePassData::ValVector Values(Allocas.size()); for (unsigned i = 0, e = Allocas.size(); i != e; ++i) Values[i] = UndefValue::get(Allocas[i]->getAllocatedType()); // Walks all basic blocks in the function performing the SSA rename algorithm // and inserting the phi nodes we marked as necessary // std::vector<RenamePassData> RenamePassWorkList; RenamePassWorkList.emplace_back(&F.front(), nullptr, std::move(Values)); do { RenamePassData RPD; RPD.swap(RenamePassWorkList.back()); RenamePassWorkList.pop_back(); // RenamePass may add new worklist entries. RenamePass(RPD.BB, RPD.Pred, RPD.Values, RenamePassWorkList); } while (!RenamePassWorkList.empty()); // The renamer uses the Visited set to avoid infinite loops. Clear it now. Visited.clear(); // Remove the allocas themselves from the function. for (unsigned i = 0, e = Allocas.size(); i != e; ++i) { Instruction *A = Allocas[i]; // If there are any uses of the alloca instructions left, they must be in // unreachable basic blocks that were not processed by walking the dominator // tree. Just delete the users now. if (!A->use_empty()) A->replaceAllUsesWith(UndefValue::get(A->getType())); if (AST) AST->deleteValue(A); A->eraseFromParent(); } const DataLayout &DL = F.getParent()->getDataLayout(); // Remove alloca's dbg.declare instrinsics from the function. for (unsigned i = 0, e = AllocaDbgDeclares.size(); i != e; ++i) if (DbgDeclareInst *DDI = AllocaDbgDeclares[i]) DDI->eraseFromParent(); // Loop over all of the PHI nodes and see if there are any that we can get // rid of because they merge all of the same incoming values. This can // happen due to undef values coming into the PHI nodes. This process is // iterative, because eliminating one PHI node can cause others to be removed. bool EliminatedAPHI = true; while (EliminatedAPHI) { EliminatedAPHI = false; // Iterating over NewPhiNodes is deterministic, so it is safe to try to // simplify and RAUW them as we go. If it was not, we could add uses to // the values we replace with in a non-deterministic order, thus creating // non-deterministic def->use chains. for (DenseMap<std::pair<unsigned, unsigned>, PHINode *>::iterator I = NewPhiNodes.begin(), E = NewPhiNodes.end(); I != E;) { PHINode *PN = I->second; // If this PHI node merges one value and/or undefs, get the value. if (Value *V = SimplifyInstruction(PN, DL, nullptr, &DT, AC)) { if (AST && PN->getType()->isPointerTy()) AST->deleteValue(PN); PN->replaceAllUsesWith(V); PN->eraseFromParent(); NewPhiNodes.erase(I++); EliminatedAPHI = true; continue; } ++I; } } // At this point, the renamer has added entries to PHI nodes for all reachable // code. Unfortunately, there may be unreachable blocks which the renamer // hasn't traversed. If this is the case, the PHI nodes may not // have incoming values for all predecessors. Loop over all PHI nodes we have // created, inserting undef values if they are missing any incoming values. // for (DenseMap<std::pair<unsigned, unsigned>, PHINode *>::iterator I = NewPhiNodes.begin(), E = NewPhiNodes.end(); I != E; ++I) { // We want to do this once per basic block. As such, only process a block // when we find the PHI that is the first entry in the block. PHINode *SomePHI = I->second; BasicBlock *BB = SomePHI->getParent(); if (&BB->front() != SomePHI) continue; // Only do work here if there the PHI nodes are missing incoming values. We // know that all PHI nodes that were inserted in a block will have the same // number of incoming values, so we can just check any of them. if (SomePHI->getNumIncomingValues() == getNumPreds(BB)) continue; // Get the preds for BB. SmallVector<BasicBlock *, 16> Preds(pred_begin(BB), pred_end(BB)); // Ok, now we know that all of the PHI nodes are missing entries for some // basic blocks. Start by sorting the incoming predecessors for efficient // access. std::sort(Preds.begin(), Preds.end()); // Now we loop through all BB's which have entries in SomePHI and remove // them from the Preds list. for (unsigned i = 0, e = SomePHI->getNumIncomingValues(); i != e; ++i) { // Do a log(n) search of the Preds list for the entry we want. SmallVectorImpl<BasicBlock *>::iterator EntIt = std::lower_bound( Preds.begin(), Preds.end(), SomePHI->getIncomingBlock(i)); assert(EntIt != Preds.end() && *EntIt == SomePHI->getIncomingBlock(i) && "PHI node has entry for a block which is not a predecessor!"); // Remove the entry Preds.erase(EntIt); } // At this point, the blocks left in the preds list must have dummy // entries inserted into every PHI nodes for the block. Update all the phi // nodes in this block that we are inserting (there could be phis before // mem2reg runs). unsigned NumBadPreds = SomePHI->getNumIncomingValues(); BasicBlock::iterator BBI = BB->begin(); while ((SomePHI = dyn_cast<PHINode>(BBI++)) && SomePHI->getNumIncomingValues() == NumBadPreds) { Value *UndefVal = UndefValue::get(SomePHI->getType()); for (unsigned pred = 0, e = Preds.size(); pred != e; ++pred) SomePHI->addIncoming(UndefVal, Preds[pred]); } } NewPhiNodes.clear(); } /// \brief Determine which blocks the value is live in. /// /// These are blocks which lead to uses. Knowing this allows us to avoid /// inserting PHI nodes into blocks which don't lead to uses (thus, the /// inserted phi nodes would be dead). void PromoteMem2Reg::ComputeLiveInBlocks( AllocaInst *AI, AllocaInfo &Info, const SmallPtrSetImpl<BasicBlock *> &DefBlocks, SmallPtrSetImpl<BasicBlock *> &LiveInBlocks) { // To determine liveness, we must iterate through the predecessors of blocks // where the def is live. Blocks are added to the worklist if we need to // check their predecessors. Start with all the using blocks. SmallVector<BasicBlock *, 64> LiveInBlockWorklist(Info.UsingBlocks.begin(), Info.UsingBlocks.end()); // If any of the using blocks is also a definition block, check to see if the // definition occurs before or after the use. If it happens before the use, // the value isn't really live-in. for (unsigned i = 0, e = LiveInBlockWorklist.size(); i != e; ++i) { BasicBlock *BB = LiveInBlockWorklist[i]; if (!DefBlocks.count(BB)) continue; // Okay, this is a block that both uses and defines the value. If the first // reference to the alloca is a def (store), then we know it isn't live-in. for (BasicBlock::iterator I = BB->begin();; ++I) { if (StoreInst *SI = dyn_cast<StoreInst>(I)) { if (SI->getOperand(1) != AI) continue; // We found a store to the alloca before a load. The alloca is not // actually live-in here. LiveInBlockWorklist[i] = LiveInBlockWorklist.back(); LiveInBlockWorklist.pop_back(); --i, --e; break; } if (LoadInst *LI = dyn_cast<LoadInst>(I)) { if (LI->getOperand(0) != AI) continue; // Okay, we found a load before a store to the alloca. It is actually // live into this block. break; } } } // Now that we have a set of blocks where the phi is live-in, recursively add // their predecessors until we find the full region the value is live. while (!LiveInBlockWorklist.empty()) { BasicBlock *BB = LiveInBlockWorklist.pop_back_val(); // The block really is live in here, insert it into the set. If already in // the set, then it has already been processed. if (!LiveInBlocks.insert(BB).second) continue; // Since the value is live into BB, it is either defined in a predecessor or // live into it to. Add the preds to the worklist unless they are a // defining block. for (pred_iterator PI = pred_begin(BB), E = pred_end(BB); PI != E; ++PI) { BasicBlock *P = *PI; // The value is not live into a predecessor if it defines the value. if (DefBlocks.count(P)) continue; // Otherwise it is, add to the worklist. LiveInBlockWorklist.push_back(P); } } } /// \brief Queue a phi-node to be added to a basic-block for a specific Alloca. /// /// Returns true if there wasn't already a phi-node for that variable bool PromoteMem2Reg::QueuePhiNode(BasicBlock *BB, unsigned AllocaNo, unsigned &Version) { // Look up the basic-block in question. PHINode *&PN = NewPhiNodes[std::make_pair(BBNumbers[BB], AllocaNo)]; // If the BB already has a phi node added for the i'th alloca then we're done! if (PN) return false; // Create a PhiNode using the dereferenced type... and add the phi-node to the // BasicBlock. PN = PHINode::Create(Allocas[AllocaNo]->getAllocatedType(), getNumPreds(BB), Allocas[AllocaNo]->getName() + "." + Twine(Version++), &BB->front()); ++NumPHIInsert; PhiToAllocaMap[PN] = AllocaNo; if (AST && PN->getType()->isPointerTy()) AST->copyValue(PointerAllocaValues[AllocaNo], PN); return true; } /// \brief Recursively traverse the CFG of the function, renaming loads and /// stores to the allocas which we are promoting. /// /// IncomingVals indicates what value each Alloca contains on exit from the /// predecessor block Pred. void PromoteMem2Reg::RenamePass(BasicBlock *BB, BasicBlock *Pred, RenamePassData::ValVector &IncomingVals, std::vector<RenamePassData> &Worklist) { NextIteration: // If we are inserting any phi nodes into this BB, they will already be in the // block. if (PHINode *APN = dyn_cast<PHINode>(BB->begin())) { // If we have PHI nodes to update, compute the number of edges from Pred to // BB. if (PhiToAllocaMap.count(APN)) { // We want to be able to distinguish between PHI nodes being inserted by // this invocation of mem2reg from those phi nodes that already existed in // the IR before mem2reg was run. We determine that APN is being inserted // because it is missing incoming edges. All other PHI nodes being // inserted by this pass of mem2reg will have the same number of incoming // operands so far. Remember this count. unsigned NewPHINumOperands = APN->getNumOperands(); unsigned NumEdges = std::count(succ_begin(Pred), succ_end(Pred), BB); assert(NumEdges && "Must be at least one edge from Pred to BB!"); // Add entries for all the phis. BasicBlock::iterator PNI = BB->begin(); do { unsigned AllocaNo = PhiToAllocaMap[APN]; // Add N incoming values to the PHI node. for (unsigned i = 0; i != NumEdges; ++i) APN->addIncoming(IncomingVals[AllocaNo], Pred); // The currently active variable for this block is now the PHI. IncomingVals[AllocaNo] = APN; // Get the next phi node. ++PNI; APN = dyn_cast<PHINode>(PNI); if (!APN) break; // Verify that it is missing entries. If not, it is not being inserted // by this mem2reg invocation so we want to ignore it. } while (APN->getNumOperands() == NewPHINumOperands); } } // Don't revisit blocks. if (!Visited.insert(BB).second) return; for (BasicBlock::iterator II = BB->begin(); !isa<TerminatorInst>(II);) { Instruction *I = &*II++; // get the instruction, increment iterator if (LoadInst *LI = dyn_cast<LoadInst>(I)) { AllocaInst *Src = dyn_cast<AllocaInst>(LI->getPointerOperand()); if (!Src) continue; DenseMap<AllocaInst *, unsigned>::iterator AI = AllocaLookup.find(Src); if (AI == AllocaLookup.end()) continue; Value *V = IncomingVals[AI->second]; // Anything using the load now uses the current value. LI->replaceAllUsesWith(V); if (AST && LI->getType()->isPointerTy()) AST->deleteValue(LI); BB->getInstList().erase(LI); } else if (StoreInst *SI = dyn_cast<StoreInst>(I)) { // Delete this instruction and mark the name as the current holder of the // value AllocaInst *Dest = dyn_cast<AllocaInst>(SI->getPointerOperand()); if (!Dest) continue; DenseMap<AllocaInst *, unsigned>::iterator ai = AllocaLookup.find(Dest); if (ai == AllocaLookup.end()) continue; // what value were we writing? IncomingVals[ai->second] = SI->getOperand(0); // Record debuginfo for the store before removing it. if (DbgDeclareInst *DDI = AllocaDbgDeclares[ai->second]) ConvertDebugDeclareToDebugValue(DDI, SI, DIB); BB->getInstList().erase(SI); } } // 'Recurse' to our successors. succ_iterator I = succ_begin(BB), E = succ_end(BB); if (I == E) return; // Keep track of the successors so we don't visit the same successor twice SmallPtrSet<BasicBlock *, 8> VisitedSuccs; // Handle the first successor without using the worklist. VisitedSuccs.insert(*I); Pred = BB; BB = *I; ++I; for (; I != E; ++I) if (VisitedSuccs.insert(*I).second) Worklist.emplace_back(*I, Pred, IncomingVals); goto NextIteration; } void llvm::PromoteMemToReg(ArrayRef<AllocaInst *> Allocas, DominatorTree &DT, AliasSetTracker *AST, AssumptionCache *AC) { // If there is nothing to do, bail out... if (Allocas.empty()) return; PromoteMem2Reg(Allocas, DT, AST, AC).run(); }