"""Utility for opening a file using the default application in a cross-platform manner. Modified from http://code.activestate.com/recipes/511443/. """ __version__ = '1.1x' __all__ = ['open'] import os import sys import webbrowser import subprocess _controllers = {} _open = None class BaseController(object): '''Base class for open program controllers.''' def __init__(self, name): self.name = name def open(self, filename): raise NotImplementedError class Controller(BaseController): '''Controller for a generic open program.''' def __init__(self, *args): super(Controller, self).__init__(os.path.basename(args[0])) self.args = list(args) def _invoke(self, cmdline): if sys.platform[:3] == 'win': closefds = False startupinfo = subprocess.STARTUPINFO() startupinfo.dwFlags |= subprocess.STARTF_USESHOWWINDOW else: closefds = True startupinfo = None if (os.environ.get('DISPLAY') or sys.platform[:3] == 'win' or sys.platform == 'darwin'): inout = file(os.devnull, 'r+') else: # for TTY programs, we need stdin/out inout = None # if possible, put the child precess in separate process group, # so keyboard interrupts don't affect child precess as well as # Python setsid = getattr(os, 'setsid', None) if not setsid: setsid = getattr(os, 'setpgrp', None) pipe = subprocess.Popen(cmdline, stdin=inout, stdout=inout, stderr=inout, close_fds=closefds, preexec_fn=setsid, startupinfo=startupinfo) # It is assumed that this kind of tools (gnome-open, kfmclient, # exo-open, xdg-open and open for OSX) immediately exit after lauching # the specific application returncode = pipe.wait() if hasattr(self, 'fixreturncode'): returncode = self.fixreturncode(returncode) return not returncode def open(self, filename): if isinstance(filename, basestring): cmdline = self.args + [filename] else: # assume it is a sequence cmdline = self.args + filename try: return self._invoke(cmdline) except OSError: return False # Platform support for Windows if sys.platform[:3] == 'win': class Start(BaseController): '''Controller for the win32 start progam through os.startfile.''' def open(self, filename): try: os.startfile(filename) except WindowsError: # [Error 22] No application is associated with the specified # file for this operation: '<URL>' return False else: return True _controllers['windows-default'] = Start('start') _open = _controllers['windows-default'].open # Platform support for MacOS elif sys.platform == 'darwin': _controllers['open']= Controller('open') _open = _controllers['open'].open # Platform support for Unix else: import commands # @WARNING: use the private API of the webbrowser module from webbrowser import _iscommand class KfmClient(Controller): '''Controller for the KDE kfmclient program.''' def __init__(self, kfmclient='kfmclient'): super(KfmClient, self).__init__(kfmclient, 'exec') self.kde_version = self.detect_kde_version() def detect_kde_version(self): kde_version = None try: info = commands.getoutput('kde-config --version') for line in info.splitlines(): if line.startswith('KDE'): kde_version = line.split(':')[-1].strip() break except (OSError, RuntimeError): pass return kde_version def fixreturncode(self, returncode): if returncode is not None and self.kde_version > '3.5.4': return returncode else: return os.EX_OK def detect_desktop_environment(): '''Checks for known desktop environments Return the desktop environments name, lowercase (kde, gnome, xfce) or "generic" ''' desktop_environment = 'generic' if os.environ.get('KDE_FULL_SESSION') == 'true': desktop_environment = 'kde' elif os.environ.get('GNOME_DESKTOP_SESSION_ID'): desktop_environment = 'gnome' else: try: info = commands.getoutput('xprop -root _DT_SAVE_MODE') if ' = "xfce4"' in info: desktop_environment = 'xfce' except (OSError, RuntimeError): pass return desktop_environment def register_X_controllers(): if _iscommand('kfmclient'): _controllers['kde-open'] = KfmClient() for command in ('gnome-open', 'exo-open', 'xdg-open'): if _iscommand(command): _controllers[command] = Controller(command) def get(): controllers_map = { 'gnome': 'gnome-open', 'kde': 'kde-open', 'xfce': 'exo-open', } desktop_environment = detect_desktop_environment() try: controller_name = controllers_map[desktop_environment] return _controllers[controller_name].open except KeyError: if _controllers.has_key('xdg-open'): return _controllers['xdg-open'].open else: return webbrowser.open if os.environ.get("DISPLAY"): register_X_controllers() _open = get() def open(filename): '''Open a file or an URL in the registered default application.''' return _open(filename)