/* * qcow2.c --- Functions to generate qcow2 formatted disk images. This * format is used originally by QEMU for virtual machines, and stores the * filesystem data on disk in a packed format to avoid creating sparse * image files that need lots of seeking to read and write. * * The qcow2 format supports zlib compression, but that is not yet * implemented. * * It is possible to directly mount a qcow2 image using qemu-nbd: * * [root]# modprobe nbd max_part=63 * [root]# qemu-nbd -c /dev/nbd0 image.img * [root]# mount /dev/nbd0p1 /mnt/qemu * * Format details at http://people.gnome.org/~markmc/qcow-image-format.html * * Copyright (C) 2010 Red Hat, Inc., Lukas Czerner <lczerner@redhat.com> * * %Begin-Header% * This file may be redistributed under the terms of the GNU Public * License. * %End-Header% */ #define _LARGEFILE_SOURCE #define _LARGEFILE64_SOURCE #include <fcntl.h> #include <grp.h> #include <pwd.h> #include <stdio.h> #ifdef HAVE_STDLIB_H #include <stdlib.h> #endif #include <string.h> #include <time.h> #include <unistd.h> #include <fcntl.h> #include <errno.h> #include <sys/stat.h> #include <sys/types.h> #include <assert.h> #include "ext2fs/ext2fs.h" #include "qcow2.h" /* Functions for converting qcow2 image into raw image */ struct ext2_qcow2_hdr *qcow2_read_header(int fd) { void *buffer = NULL; struct ext2_qcow2_hdr *hdr = NULL; size_t size; errcode_t ret; ret = ext2fs_get_mem(sizeof(struct ext2_qcow2_hdr), &buffer); if (ret) return NULL; memset(buffer, 0, sizeof(struct ext2_qcow2_hdr)); if (ext2fs_llseek(fd, 0, SEEK_SET < 0)) { ext2fs_free_mem(&buffer); return NULL; } size = read(fd, buffer, sizeof(struct ext2_qcow2_hdr)); if (size != sizeof(struct ext2_qcow2_hdr)) { ext2fs_free_mem(&buffer); return NULL; } hdr = (struct ext2_qcow2_hdr *)(buffer); if ((ext2fs_be32_to_cpu(hdr->magic) != QCOW_MAGIC) || (ext2fs_be32_to_cpu(hdr->version) != 2)) { ext2fs_free_mem(&hdr); return NULL; } return hdr; } static int qcow2_read_l1_table(struct ext2_qcow2_image *img) { int fd = img->fd; size_t size, l1_size = img->l1_size * sizeof(blk64_t); blk64_t *table; errcode_t ret; ret = ext2fs_get_memzero(l1_size, &table); if (ret) return ret; if (ext2fs_llseek(fd, img->l1_offset, SEEK_SET) < 0) { ext2fs_free_mem(&table); return errno; } size = read(fd, table, l1_size); if (size != l1_size) { ext2fs_free_mem(&table); return errno; } img->l1_table = table; return 0; } static int qcow2_read_l2_table(struct ext2_qcow2_image *img, ext2_off64_t offset, blk64_t **l2_table) { int fd = img->fd; size_t size; assert(*l2_table); if (ext2fs_llseek(fd, offset, SEEK_SET) < 0) return errno; size = read(fd, *l2_table, img->cluster_size); if (size != img->cluster_size) return errno; return 0; } static int qcow2_copy_data(int fdin, int fdout, ext2_off64_t off_in, ext2_off64_t off_out, void *buf, size_t count) { size_t size; assert(buf); if (ext2fs_llseek(fdout, off_out, SEEK_SET) < 0) return errno; if (ext2fs_llseek(fdin, off_in, SEEK_SET) < 0) return errno; size = read(fdin, buf, count); if (size != count) return errno; size = write(fdout, buf, count); if (size != count) return errno; return 0; } int qcow2_write_raw_image(int qcow2_fd, int raw_fd, struct ext2_qcow2_hdr *hdr) { struct ext2_qcow2_image img; errcode_t ret = 0; unsigned int l1_index, l2_index; ext2_off64_t offset; blk64_t *l1_table, *l2_table = NULL; void *copy_buf = NULL; size_t size; if (hdr->crypt_method) return -QCOW_ENCRYPTED; img.fd = qcow2_fd; img.hdr = hdr; img.l2_cache = NULL; img.l1_table = NULL; img.cluster_bits = ext2fs_be32_to_cpu(hdr->cluster_bits); img.cluster_size = 1 << img.cluster_bits; img.l1_size = ext2fs_be32_to_cpu(hdr->l1_size); img.l1_offset = ext2fs_be64_to_cpu(hdr->l1_table_offset); img.l2_size = 1 << (img.cluster_bits - 3); img.image_size = ext2fs_be64_to_cpu(hdr->size); ret = ext2fs_get_memzero(img.cluster_size, &l2_table); if (ret) goto out; ret = ext2fs_get_memzero(1 << img.cluster_bits, ©_buf); if (ret) goto out; if (ext2fs_llseek(raw_fd, 0, SEEK_SET) < 0) { ret = errno; goto out; } ret = qcow2_read_l1_table(&img); if (ret) goto out; l1_table = img.l1_table; /* Walk through l1 table */ for (l1_index = 0; l1_index < img.l1_size; l1_index++) { ext2_off64_t off_out; offset = ext2fs_be64_to_cpu(l1_table[l1_index]) & ~QCOW_OFLAG_COPIED; if ((offset > img.image_size) || (offset <= 0)) continue; if (offset & QCOW_OFLAG_COMPRESSED) { ret = -QCOW_COMPRESSED; goto out; } ret = qcow2_read_l2_table(&img, offset, &l2_table); if (ret) break; /* Walk through l2 table and copy data blocks into raw image */ for (l2_index = 0; l2_index < img.l2_size; l2_index++) { offset = ext2fs_be64_to_cpu(l2_table[l2_index]) & ~QCOW_OFLAG_COPIED; if (offset == 0) continue; off_out = (l1_index * img.l2_size) + l2_index; off_out <<= img.cluster_bits; ret = qcow2_copy_data(qcow2_fd, raw_fd, offset, off_out, copy_buf, img.cluster_size); if (ret) goto out; } } /* Resize the output image to the filesystem size */ if (ext2fs_llseek(raw_fd, img.image_size - 1, SEEK_SET) < 0) return errno; ((char *)copy_buf)[0] = 0; size = write(raw_fd, copy_buf, 1); if (size != 1) { ret = errno; goto out; } out: if (copy_buf) ext2fs_free_mem(©_buf); if (img.l1_table) ext2fs_free_mem(&img.l1_table); if (l2_table) ext2fs_free_mem(&l2_table); return ret; }