/* * Copyright (C) 2014 The Android Open Source Project * * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. * You may obtain a copy of the License at * * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 * * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and * limitations under the License. */ #ifndef ART_COMPILER_UTILS_ASSEMBLER_TEST_H_ #define ART_COMPILER_UTILS_ASSEMBLER_TEST_H_ #include "assembler.h" #include "common_runtime_test.h" // For ScratchFile #include <cstdio> #include <cstdlib> #include <fstream> #include <iostream> #include <iterator> #include <sys/stat.h> namespace art { // Use a glocal static variable to keep the same name for all test data. Else we'll just spam the // temp directory. static std::string tmpnam_; template<typename Ass, typename Reg, typename Imm> class AssemblerTest : public testing::Test { public: Ass* GetAssembler() { return assembler_.get(); } typedef std::string (*TestFn)(Ass* assembler); void DriverFn(TestFn f, std::string test_name) { Driver(f(assembler_.get()), test_name); } // This driver assumes the assembler has already been called. void DriverStr(std::string assembly_string, std::string test_name) { Driver(assembly_string, test_name); } std::string RepeatR(void (Ass::*f)(Reg), std::string fmt) { const std::vector<Reg*> registers = GetRegisters(); std::string str; for (auto reg : registers) { (assembler_.get()->*f)(*reg); std::string base = fmt; size_t reg_index = base.find("{reg}"); if (reg_index != std::string::npos) { std::ostringstream sreg; sreg << *reg; std::string reg_string = sreg.str(); base.replace(reg_index, 5, reg_string); } if (str.size() > 0) { str += "\n"; } str += base; } // Add a newline at the end. str += "\n"; return str; } std::string RepeatRR(void (Ass::*f)(Reg, Reg), std::string fmt) { const std::vector<Reg*> registers = GetRegisters(); std::string str; for (auto reg1 : registers) { for (auto reg2 : registers) { (assembler_.get()->*f)(*reg1, *reg2); std::string base = fmt; size_t reg1_index = base.find("{reg1}"); if (reg1_index != std::string::npos) { std::ostringstream sreg; sreg << *reg1; std::string reg_string = sreg.str(); base.replace(reg1_index, 6, reg_string); } size_t reg2_index = base.find("{reg2}"); if (reg2_index != std::string::npos) { std::ostringstream sreg; sreg << *reg2; std::string reg_string = sreg.str(); base.replace(reg2_index, 6, reg_string); } if (str.size() > 0) { str += "\n"; } str += base; } } // Add a newline at the end. str += "\n"; return str; } std::string RepeatRI(void (Ass::*f)(Reg, const Imm&), size_t imm_bytes, std::string fmt) { const std::vector<Reg*> registers = GetRegisters(); std::string str; std::vector<int64_t> imms = CreateImmediateValues(imm_bytes); for (auto reg : registers) { for (int64_t imm : imms) { Imm* new_imm = CreateImmediate(imm); (assembler_.get()->*f)(*reg, *new_imm); delete new_imm; std::string base = fmt; size_t reg_index = base.find("{reg}"); if (reg_index != std::string::npos) { std::ostringstream sreg; sreg << *reg; std::string reg_string = sreg.str(); base.replace(reg_index, 5, reg_string); } size_t imm_index = base.find("{imm}"); if (imm_index != std::string::npos) { std::ostringstream sreg; sreg << imm; std::string imm_string = sreg.str(); base.replace(imm_index, 5, imm_string); } if (str.size() > 0) { str += "\n"; } str += base; } } // Add a newline at the end. str += "\n"; return str; } std::string RepeatI(void (Ass::*f)(const Imm&), size_t imm_bytes, std::string fmt) { std::string str; std::vector<int64_t> imms = CreateImmediateValues(imm_bytes); for (int64_t imm : imms) { Imm* new_imm = CreateImmediate(imm); (assembler_.get()->*f)(*new_imm); delete new_imm; std::string base = fmt; size_t imm_index = base.find("{imm}"); if (imm_index != std::string::npos) { std::ostringstream sreg; sreg << imm; std::string imm_string = sreg.str(); base.replace(imm_index, 5, imm_string); } if (str.size() > 0) { str += "\n"; } str += base; } // Add a newline at the end. str += "\n"; return str; } // This is intended to be run as a test. bool CheckTools() { if (!FileExists(GetAssemblerCommand())) { return false; } LOG(INFO) << "Chosen assembler command: " << GetAssemblerCommand(); if (!FileExists(GetObjdumpCommand())) { return false; } LOG(INFO) << "Chosen objdump command: " << GetObjdumpCommand(); // Disassembly is optional. std::string disassembler = GetDisassembleCommand(); if (disassembler.length() != 0) { if (!FileExists(disassembler)) { return false; } LOG(INFO) << "Chosen disassemble command: " << GetDisassembleCommand(); } else { LOG(INFO) << "No disassembler given."; } return true; } protected: void SetUp() OVERRIDE { assembler_.reset(new Ass()); // Fake a runtime test for ScratchFile CommonRuntimeTest::SetUpAndroidData(android_data_); SetUpHelpers(); } void TearDown() OVERRIDE { // We leave temporaries in case this failed so we can debug issues. CommonRuntimeTest::TearDownAndroidData(android_data_, false); tmpnam_ = ""; } // Override this to set up any architecture-specific things, e.g., register vectors. virtual void SetUpHelpers() {} virtual std::vector<Reg*> GetRegisters() = 0; // Get the typically used name for this architecture, e.g., aarch64, x86_64, ... virtual std::string GetArchitectureString() = 0; // Get the name of the assembler, e.g., "as" by default. virtual std::string GetAssemblerCmdName() { return "as"; } // Switches to the assembler command. Default none. virtual std::string GetAssemblerParameters() { return ""; } // Return the host assembler command for this test. virtual std::string GetAssemblerCommand() { // Already resolved it once? if (resolved_assembler_cmd_.length() != 0) { return resolved_assembler_cmd_; } std::string line = FindTool(GetAssemblerCmdName()); if (line.length() == 0) { return line; } resolved_assembler_cmd_ = line + GetAssemblerParameters(); return line; } // Get the name of the objdump, e.g., "objdump" by default. virtual std::string GetObjdumpCmdName() { return "objdump"; } // Switches to the objdump command. Default is " -h". virtual std::string GetObjdumpParameters() { return " -h"; } // Return the host objdump command for this test. virtual std::string GetObjdumpCommand() { // Already resolved it once? if (resolved_objdump_cmd_.length() != 0) { return resolved_objdump_cmd_; } std::string line = FindTool(GetObjdumpCmdName()); if (line.length() == 0) { return line; } resolved_objdump_cmd_ = line + GetObjdumpParameters(); return line; } // Get the name of the objdump, e.g., "objdump" by default. virtual std::string GetDisassembleCmdName() { return "objdump"; } // Switches to the objdump command. As it's a binary, one needs to push the architecture and // such to objdump, so it's architecture-specific and there is no default. virtual std::string GetDisassembleParameters() = 0; // Return the host disassembler command for this test. virtual std::string GetDisassembleCommand() { // Already resolved it once? if (resolved_disassemble_cmd_.length() != 0) { return resolved_disassemble_cmd_; } std::string line = FindTool(GetDisassembleCmdName()); if (line.length() == 0) { return line; } resolved_disassemble_cmd_ = line + GetDisassembleParameters(); return line; } // Create a couple of immediate values up to the number of bytes given. virtual std::vector<int64_t> CreateImmediateValues(size_t imm_bytes) { std::vector<int64_t> res; res.push_back(0); res.push_back(-1); res.push_back(0x12); if (imm_bytes >= 2) { res.push_back(0x1234); res.push_back(-0x1234); if (imm_bytes >= 4) { res.push_back(0x12345678); res.push_back(-0x12345678); if (imm_bytes >= 6) { res.push_back(0x123456789ABC); res.push_back(-0x123456789ABC); if (imm_bytes >= 8) { res.push_back(0x123456789ABCDEF0); res.push_back(-0x123456789ABCDEF0); } } } } return res; } // Create an immediate from the specific value. virtual Imm* CreateImmediate(int64_t imm_value) = 0; private: // Driver() assembles and compares the results. If the results are not equal and we have a // disassembler, disassemble both and check whether they have the same mnemonics (in which case // we just warn). void Driver(std::string assembly_text, std::string test_name) { EXPECT_NE(assembly_text.length(), 0U) << "Empty assembly"; NativeAssemblerResult res; Compile(assembly_text, &res, test_name); EXPECT_TRUE(res.ok) << res.error_msg; if (!res.ok) { // No way of continuing. return; } size_t cs = assembler_->CodeSize(); std::unique_ptr<std::vector<uint8_t>> data(new std::vector<uint8_t>(cs)); MemoryRegion code(&(*data)[0], data->size()); assembler_->FinalizeInstructions(code); if (*data == *res.code) { Clean(&res); } else { if (DisassembleBinaries(*data, *res.code, test_name)) { if (data->size() > res.code->size()) { // Fail this test with a fancy colored warning being printed. EXPECT_TRUE(false) << "Assembly code is not identical, but disassembly of machine code " "is equal: this implies sub-optimal encoding! Our code size=" << data->size() << ", gcc size=" << res.code->size(); } else { // Otherwise just print an info message and clean up. LOG(INFO) << "GCC chose a different encoding than ours, but the overall length is the " "same."; Clean(&res); } } else { // This will output the assembly. EXPECT_EQ(*data, *res.code) << "Outputs (and disassembly) not identical."; } } } // Structure to store intermediates and results. struct NativeAssemblerResult { bool ok; std::string error_msg; std::string base_name; std::unique_ptr<std::vector<uint8_t>> code; uintptr_t length; }; // Compile the assembly file from_file to a binary file to_file. Returns true on success. bool Assemble(const char* from_file, const char* to_file, std::string* error_msg) { bool have_assembler = FileExists(GetAssemblerCommand()); EXPECT_TRUE(have_assembler) << "Cannot find assembler:" << GetAssemblerCommand(); if (!have_assembler) { return false; } std::vector<std::string> args; args.push_back(GetAssemblerCommand()); args.push_back("-o"); args.push_back(to_file); args.push_back(from_file); return Exec(args, error_msg); } // Runs objdump -h on the binary file and extracts the first line with .text. // Returns "" on failure. std::string Objdump(std::string file) { bool have_objdump = FileExists(GetObjdumpCommand()); EXPECT_TRUE(have_objdump) << "Cannot find objdump: " << GetObjdumpCommand(); if (!have_objdump) { return ""; } std::string error_msg; std::vector<std::string> args; args.push_back(GetObjdumpCommand()); args.push_back(file); args.push_back(">"); args.push_back(file+".dump"); std::string cmd = Join(args, ' '); args.clear(); args.push_back("/bin/sh"); args.push_back("-c"); args.push_back(cmd); if (!Exec(args, &error_msg)) { EXPECT_TRUE(false) << error_msg; } std::ifstream dump(file+".dump"); std::string line; bool found = false; while (std::getline(dump, line)) { if (line.find(".text") != line.npos) { found = true; break; } } dump.close(); if (found) { return line; } else { return ""; } } // Disassemble both binaries and compare the text. bool DisassembleBinaries(std::vector<uint8_t>& data, std::vector<uint8_t>& as, std::string test_name) { std::string disassembler = GetDisassembleCommand(); if (disassembler.length() == 0) { LOG(WARNING) << "No dissassembler command."; return false; } std::string data_name = WriteToFile(data, test_name + ".ass"); std::string error_msg; if (!DisassembleBinary(data_name, &error_msg)) { LOG(INFO) << "Error disassembling: " << error_msg; std::remove(data_name.c_str()); return false; } std::string as_name = WriteToFile(as, test_name + ".gcc"); if (!DisassembleBinary(as_name, &error_msg)) { LOG(INFO) << "Error disassembling: " << error_msg; std::remove(data_name.c_str()); std::remove((data_name + ".dis").c_str()); std::remove(as_name.c_str()); return false; } bool result = CompareFiles(data_name + ".dis", as_name + ".dis"); if (result) { std::remove(data_name.c_str()); std::remove(as_name.c_str()); std::remove((data_name + ".dis").c_str()); std::remove((as_name + ".dis").c_str()); } return result; } bool DisassembleBinary(std::string file, std::string* error_msg) { std::vector<std::string> args; args.push_back(GetDisassembleCommand()); args.push_back(file); args.push_back("| sed -n \'/<.data>/,$p\' | sed -e \'s/.*://\'"); args.push_back(">"); args.push_back(file+".dis"); std::string cmd = Join(args, ' '); args.clear(); args.push_back("/bin/sh"); args.push_back("-c"); args.push_back(cmd); return Exec(args, error_msg); } std::string WriteToFile(std::vector<uint8_t>& buffer, std::string test_name) { std::string file_name = GetTmpnam() + std::string("---") + test_name; const char* data = reinterpret_cast<char*>(buffer.data()); std::ofstream s_out(file_name + ".o"); s_out.write(data, buffer.size()); s_out.close(); return file_name + ".o"; } bool CompareFiles(std::string f1, std::string f2) { std::ifstream f1_in(f1); std::ifstream f2_in(f2); bool result = std::equal(std::istreambuf_iterator<char>(f1_in), std::istreambuf_iterator<char>(), std::istreambuf_iterator<char>(f2_in)); f1_in.close(); f2_in.close(); return result; } // Compile the given assembly code and extract the binary, if possible. Put result into res. bool Compile(std::string assembly_code, NativeAssemblerResult* res, std::string test_name) { res->ok = false; res->code.reset(nullptr); res->base_name = GetTmpnam() + std::string("---") + test_name; // TODO: Lots of error checking. std::ofstream s_out(res->base_name + ".S"); s_out << assembly_code; s_out.close(); if (!Assemble((res->base_name + ".S").c_str(), (res->base_name + ".o").c_str(), &res->error_msg)) { res->error_msg = "Could not compile."; return false; } std::string odump = Objdump(res->base_name + ".o"); if (odump.length() == 0) { res->error_msg = "Objdump failed."; return false; } std::istringstream iss(odump); std::istream_iterator<std::string> start(iss); std::istream_iterator<std::string> end; std::vector<std::string> tokens(start, end); if (tokens.size() < OBJDUMP_SECTION_LINE_MIN_TOKENS) { res->error_msg = "Objdump output not recognized: too few tokens."; return false; } if (tokens[1] != ".text") { res->error_msg = "Objdump output not recognized: .text not second token."; return false; } std::string lengthToken = "0x" + tokens[2]; std::istringstream(lengthToken) >> std::hex >> res->length; std::string offsetToken = "0x" + tokens[5]; uintptr_t offset; std::istringstream(offsetToken) >> std::hex >> offset; std::ifstream obj(res->base_name + ".o"); obj.seekg(offset); res->code.reset(new std::vector<uint8_t>(res->length)); obj.read(reinterpret_cast<char*>(&(*res->code)[0]), res->length); obj.close(); res->ok = true; return true; } // Remove temporary files. void Clean(const NativeAssemblerResult* res) { std::remove((res->base_name + ".S").c_str()); std::remove((res->base_name + ".o").c_str()); std::remove((res->base_name + ".o.dump").c_str()); } // Check whether file exists. Is used for commands, so strips off any parameters: anything after // the first space. We skip to the last slash for this, so it should work with directories with // spaces. static bool FileExists(std::string file) { if (file.length() == 0) { return false; } // Need to strip any options. size_t last_slash = file.find_last_of('/'); if (last_slash == std::string::npos) { // No slash, start looking at the start. last_slash = 0; } size_t space_index = file.find(' ', last_slash); if (space_index == std::string::npos) { std::ifstream infile(file.c_str()); return infile.good(); } else { std::string copy = file.substr(0, space_index - 1); struct stat buf; return stat(copy.c_str(), &buf) == 0; } } static std::string GetGCCRootPath() { return "prebuilts/gcc/linux-x86"; } static std::string GetRootPath() { // 1) Check ANDROID_BUILD_TOP char* build_top = getenv("ANDROID_BUILD_TOP"); if (build_top != nullptr) { return std::string(build_top) + "/"; } // 2) Do cwd char temp[1024]; return getcwd(temp, 1024) ? std::string(temp) + "/" : std::string(""); } std::string FindTool(std::string tool_name) { // Find the current tool. Wild-card pattern is "arch-string*tool-name". std::string gcc_path = GetRootPath() + GetGCCRootPath(); std::vector<std::string> args; args.push_back("find"); args.push_back(gcc_path); args.push_back("-name"); args.push_back(GetArchitectureString() + "*" + tool_name); args.push_back("|"); args.push_back("sort"); args.push_back("|"); args.push_back("tail"); args.push_back("-n"); args.push_back("1"); std::string tmp_file = GetTmpnam(); args.push_back(">"); args.push_back(tmp_file); std::string sh_args = Join(args, ' '); args.clear(); args.push_back("/bin/sh"); args.push_back("-c"); args.push_back(sh_args); std::string error_msg; if (!Exec(args, &error_msg)) { EXPECT_TRUE(false) << error_msg; return ""; } std::ifstream in(tmp_file.c_str()); std::string line; if (!std::getline(in, line)) { in.close(); std::remove(tmp_file.c_str()); return ""; } in.close(); std::remove(tmp_file.c_str()); return line; } // Use a consistent tmpnam, so store it. std::string GetTmpnam() { if (tmpnam_.length() == 0) { ScratchFile tmp; tmpnam_ = tmp.GetFilename() + "asm"; } return tmpnam_; } std::unique_ptr<Ass> assembler_; std::string resolved_assembler_cmd_; std::string resolved_objdump_cmd_; std::string resolved_disassemble_cmd_; std::string android_data_; static constexpr size_t OBJDUMP_SECTION_LINE_MIN_TOKENS = 6; }; } // namespace art #endif // ART_COMPILER_UTILS_ASSEMBLER_TEST_H_