//===- LowerInvoke.cpp - Eliminate Invoke & Unwind instructions -----------===//
//
// The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure
//
// This file is distributed under the University of Illinois Open Source
// License. See LICENSE.TXT for details.
//
//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
//
// This transformation is designed for use by code generators which do not yet
// support stack unwinding. This pass supports two models of exception handling
// lowering, the 'cheap' support and the 'expensive' support.
//
// 'Cheap' exception handling support gives the program the ability to execute
// any program which does not "throw an exception", by turning 'invoke'
// instructions into calls and by turning 'unwind' instructions into calls to
// abort(). If the program does dynamically use the unwind instruction, the
// program will print a message then abort.
//
// 'Expensive' exception handling support gives the full exception handling
// support to the program at the cost of making the 'invoke' instruction
// really expensive. It basically inserts setjmp/longjmp calls to emulate the
// exception handling as necessary.
//
// Because the 'expensive' support slows down programs a lot, and EH is only
// used for a subset of the programs, it must be specifically enabled by an
// option.
//
// Note that after this pass runs the CFG is not entirely accurate (exceptional
// control flow edges are not correct anymore) so only very simple things should
// be done after the lowerinvoke pass has run (like generation of native code).
// This should not be used as a general purpose "my LLVM-to-LLVM pass doesn't
// support the invoke instruction yet" lowering pass.
//
//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
#define DEBUG_TYPE "lowerinvoke"
#include "llvm/Transforms/Scalar.h"
#include "llvm/ADT/SmallVector.h"
#include "llvm/ADT/Statistic.h"
#include "llvm/IR/Constants.h"
#include "llvm/IR/DerivedTypes.h"
#include "llvm/IR/Instructions.h"
#include "llvm/IR/Intrinsics.h"
#include "llvm/IR/LLVMContext.h"
#include "llvm/IR/Module.h"
#include "llvm/Pass.h"
#include "llvm/Support/CommandLine.h"
#include "llvm/Target/TargetLowering.h"
#include "llvm/Transforms/Utils/BasicBlockUtils.h"
#include "llvm/Transforms/Utils/Local.h"
#include <csetjmp>
#include <set>
using namespace llvm;
STATISTIC(NumInvokes, "Number of invokes replaced");
STATISTIC(NumSpilled, "Number of registers live across unwind edges");
static cl::opt<bool> ExpensiveEHSupport("enable-correct-eh-support",
cl::desc("Make the -lowerinvoke pass insert expensive, but correct, EH code"));
namespace {
class LowerInvoke : public FunctionPass {
const TargetMachine *TM;
// Used for both models.
Constant *AbortFn;
// Used for expensive EH support.
StructType *JBLinkTy;
GlobalVariable *JBListHead;
Constant *SetJmpFn, *LongJmpFn, *StackSaveFn, *StackRestoreFn;
bool useExpensiveEHSupport;
public:
static char ID; // Pass identification, replacement for typeid
explicit LowerInvoke(const TargetMachine *TM = 0,
bool useExpensiveEHSupport = ExpensiveEHSupport)
: FunctionPass(ID), TM(TM),
useExpensiveEHSupport(useExpensiveEHSupport) {
initializeLowerInvokePass(*PassRegistry::getPassRegistry());
}
bool doInitialization(Module &M);
bool runOnFunction(Function &F);
virtual void getAnalysisUsage(AnalysisUsage &AU) const {
// This is a cluster of orthogonal Transforms
AU.addPreserved("mem2reg");
AU.addPreservedID(LowerSwitchID);
}
private:
bool insertCheapEHSupport(Function &F);
void splitLiveRangesLiveAcrossInvokes(SmallVectorImpl<InvokeInst*>&Invokes);
void rewriteExpensiveInvoke(InvokeInst *II, unsigned InvokeNo,
AllocaInst *InvokeNum, AllocaInst *StackPtr,
SwitchInst *CatchSwitch);
bool insertExpensiveEHSupport(Function &F);
};
}
char LowerInvoke::ID = 0;
INITIALIZE_PASS(LowerInvoke, "lowerinvoke",
"Lower invoke and unwind, for unwindless code generators",
false, false)
char &llvm::LowerInvokePassID = LowerInvoke::ID;
// Public Interface To the LowerInvoke pass.
FunctionPass *llvm::createLowerInvokePass(const TargetMachine *TM,
bool useExpensiveEHSupport) {
return new LowerInvoke(TM, useExpensiveEHSupport || ExpensiveEHSupport);
}
// doInitialization - Make sure that there is a prototype for abort in the
// current module.
bool LowerInvoke::doInitialization(Module &M) {
Type *VoidPtrTy = Type::getInt8PtrTy(M.getContext());
if (useExpensiveEHSupport) {
// Insert a type for the linked list of jump buffers.
const TargetLowering *TLI = TM ? TM->getTargetLowering() : 0;
unsigned JBSize = TLI ? TLI->getJumpBufSize() : 0;
JBSize = JBSize ? JBSize : 200;
Type *JmpBufTy = ArrayType::get(VoidPtrTy, JBSize);
JBLinkTy = StructType::create(M.getContext(), "llvm.sjljeh.jmpbufty");
Type *Elts[] = { JmpBufTy, PointerType::getUnqual(JBLinkTy) };
JBLinkTy->setBody(Elts);
Type *PtrJBList = PointerType::getUnqual(JBLinkTy);
// Now that we've done that, insert the jmpbuf list head global, unless it
// already exists.
if (!(JBListHead = M.getGlobalVariable("llvm.sjljeh.jblist", PtrJBList))) {
JBListHead = new GlobalVariable(M, PtrJBList, false,
GlobalValue::LinkOnceAnyLinkage,
Constant::getNullValue(PtrJBList),
"llvm.sjljeh.jblist");
}
// VisualStudio defines setjmp as _setjmp
#if defined(_MSC_VER) && defined(setjmp) && \
!defined(setjmp_undefined_for_msvc)
# pragma push_macro("setjmp")
# undef setjmp
# define setjmp_undefined_for_msvc
#endif
SetJmpFn = Intrinsic::getDeclaration(&M, Intrinsic::setjmp);
#if defined(_MSC_VER) && defined(setjmp_undefined_for_msvc)
// let's return it to _setjmp state
# pragma pop_macro("setjmp")
# undef setjmp_undefined_for_msvc
#endif
LongJmpFn = Intrinsic::getDeclaration(&M, Intrinsic::longjmp);
StackSaveFn = Intrinsic::getDeclaration(&M, Intrinsic::stacksave);
StackRestoreFn = Intrinsic::getDeclaration(&M, Intrinsic::stackrestore);
}
// We need the 'write' and 'abort' functions for both models.
AbortFn = M.getOrInsertFunction("abort", Type::getVoidTy(M.getContext()),
(Type *)0);
return true;
}
bool LowerInvoke::insertCheapEHSupport(Function &F) {
bool Changed = false;
for (Function::iterator BB = F.begin(), E = F.end(); BB != E; ++BB)
if (InvokeInst *II = dyn_cast<InvokeInst>(BB->getTerminator())) {
SmallVector<Value*,16> CallArgs(II->op_begin(), II->op_end() - 3);
// Insert a normal call instruction...
CallInst *NewCall = CallInst::Create(II->getCalledValue(),
CallArgs, "", II);
NewCall->takeName(II);
NewCall->setCallingConv(II->getCallingConv());
NewCall->setAttributes(II->getAttributes());
NewCall->setDebugLoc(II->getDebugLoc());
II->replaceAllUsesWith(NewCall);
// Insert an unconditional branch to the normal destination.
BranchInst::Create(II->getNormalDest(), II);
// Remove any PHI node entries from the exception destination.
II->getUnwindDest()->removePredecessor(BB);
// Remove the invoke instruction now.
BB->getInstList().erase(II);
++NumInvokes; Changed = true;
}
return Changed;
}
/// rewriteExpensiveInvoke - Insert code and hack the function to replace the
/// specified invoke instruction with a call.
void LowerInvoke::rewriteExpensiveInvoke(InvokeInst *II, unsigned InvokeNo,
AllocaInst *InvokeNum,
AllocaInst *StackPtr,
SwitchInst *CatchSwitch) {
ConstantInt *InvokeNoC = ConstantInt::get(Type::getInt32Ty(II->getContext()),
InvokeNo);
// If the unwind edge has phi nodes, split the edge.
if (isa<PHINode>(II->getUnwindDest()->begin())) {
SplitCriticalEdge(II, 1, this);
// If there are any phi nodes left, they must have a single predecessor.
while (PHINode *PN = dyn_cast<PHINode>(II->getUnwindDest()->begin())) {
PN->replaceAllUsesWith(PN->getIncomingValue(0));
PN->eraseFromParent();
}
}
// Insert a store of the invoke num before the invoke and store zero into the
// location afterward.
new StoreInst(InvokeNoC, InvokeNum, true, II); // volatile
// Insert a store of the stack ptr before the invoke, so we can restore it
// later in the exception case.
CallInst* StackSaveRet = CallInst::Create(StackSaveFn, "ssret", II);
new StoreInst(StackSaveRet, StackPtr, true, II); // volatile
BasicBlock::iterator NI = II->getNormalDest()->getFirstInsertionPt();
// nonvolatile.
new StoreInst(Constant::getNullValue(Type::getInt32Ty(II->getContext())),
InvokeNum, false, NI);
Instruction* StackPtrLoad =
new LoadInst(StackPtr, "stackptr.restore", true,
II->getUnwindDest()->getFirstInsertionPt());
CallInst::Create(StackRestoreFn, StackPtrLoad, "")->insertAfter(StackPtrLoad);
// Add a switch case to our unwind block.
CatchSwitch->addCase(InvokeNoC, II->getUnwindDest());
// Insert a normal call instruction.
SmallVector<Value*,16> CallArgs(II->op_begin(), II->op_end() - 3);
CallInst *NewCall = CallInst::Create(II->getCalledValue(),
CallArgs, "", II);
NewCall->takeName(II);
NewCall->setCallingConv(II->getCallingConv());
NewCall->setAttributes(II->getAttributes());
NewCall->setDebugLoc(II->getDebugLoc());
II->replaceAllUsesWith(NewCall);
// Replace the invoke with an uncond branch.
BranchInst::Create(II->getNormalDest(), NewCall->getParent());
II->eraseFromParent();
}
/// MarkBlocksLiveIn - Insert BB and all of its predescessors into LiveBBs until
/// we reach blocks we've already seen.
static void MarkBlocksLiveIn(BasicBlock *BB, std::set<BasicBlock*> &LiveBBs) {
if (!LiveBBs.insert(BB).second) return; // already been here.
for (pred_iterator PI = pred_begin(BB), E = pred_end(BB); PI != E; ++PI)
MarkBlocksLiveIn(*PI, LiveBBs);
}
// First thing we need to do is scan the whole function for values that are
// live across unwind edges. Each value that is live across an unwind edge
// we spill into a stack location, guaranteeing that there is nothing live
// across the unwind edge. This process also splits all critical edges
// coming out of invoke's.
void LowerInvoke::
splitLiveRangesLiveAcrossInvokes(SmallVectorImpl<InvokeInst*> &Invokes) {
// First step, split all critical edges from invoke instructions.
for (unsigned i = 0, e = Invokes.size(); i != e; ++i) {
InvokeInst *II = Invokes[i];
SplitCriticalEdge(II, 0, this);
SplitCriticalEdge(II, 1, this);
assert(!isa<PHINode>(II->getNormalDest()) &&
!isa<PHINode>(II->getUnwindDest()) &&
"critical edge splitting left single entry phi nodes?");
}
Function *F = Invokes.back()->getParent()->getParent();
// To avoid having to handle incoming arguments specially, we lower each arg
// to a copy instruction in the entry block. This ensures that the argument
// value itself cannot be live across the entry block.
BasicBlock::iterator AfterAllocaInsertPt = F->begin()->begin();
while (isa<AllocaInst>(AfterAllocaInsertPt) &&
isa<ConstantInt>(cast<AllocaInst>(AfterAllocaInsertPt)->getArraySize()))
++AfterAllocaInsertPt;
for (Function::arg_iterator AI = F->arg_begin(), E = F->arg_end();
AI != E; ++AI) {
Type *Ty = AI->getType();
// Aggregate types can't be cast, but are legal argument types, so we have
// to handle them differently. We use an extract/insert pair as a
// lightweight method to achieve the same goal.
if (isa<StructType>(Ty) || isa<ArrayType>(Ty) || isa<VectorType>(Ty)) {
Instruction *EI = ExtractValueInst::Create(AI, 0, "",AfterAllocaInsertPt);
Instruction *NI = InsertValueInst::Create(AI, EI, 0);
NI->insertAfter(EI);
AI->replaceAllUsesWith(NI);
// Set the operand of the instructions back to the AllocaInst.
EI->setOperand(0, AI);
NI->setOperand(0, AI);
} else {
// This is always a no-op cast because we're casting AI to AI->getType()
// so src and destination types are identical. BitCast is the only
// possibility.
CastInst *NC = new BitCastInst(
AI, AI->getType(), AI->getName()+".tmp", AfterAllocaInsertPt);
AI->replaceAllUsesWith(NC);
// Set the operand of the cast instruction back to the AllocaInst.
// Normally it's forbidden to replace a CastInst's operand because it
// could cause the opcode to reflect an illegal conversion. However,
// we're replacing it here with the same value it was constructed with.
// We do this because the above replaceAllUsesWith() clobbered the
// operand, but we want this one to remain.
NC->setOperand(0, AI);
}
}
// Finally, scan the code looking for instructions with bad live ranges.
for (Function::iterator BB = F->begin(), E = F->end(); BB != E; ++BB)
for (BasicBlock::iterator II = BB->begin(), E = BB->end(); II != E; ++II) {
// Ignore obvious cases we don't have to handle. In particular, most
// instructions either have no uses or only have a single use inside the
// current block. Ignore them quickly.
Instruction *Inst = II;
if (Inst->use_empty()) continue;
if (Inst->hasOneUse() &&
cast<Instruction>(Inst->use_back())->getParent() == BB &&
!isa<PHINode>(Inst->use_back())) continue;
// If this is an alloca in the entry block, it's not a real register
// value.
if (AllocaInst *AI = dyn_cast<AllocaInst>(Inst))
if (isa<ConstantInt>(AI->getArraySize()) && BB == F->begin())
continue;
// Avoid iterator invalidation by copying users to a temporary vector.
SmallVector<Instruction*,16> Users;
for (Value::use_iterator UI = Inst->use_begin(), E = Inst->use_end();
UI != E; ++UI) {
Instruction *User = cast<Instruction>(*UI);
if (User->getParent() != BB || isa<PHINode>(User))
Users.push_back(User);
}
// Scan all of the uses and see if the live range is live across an unwind
// edge. If we find a use live across an invoke edge, create an alloca
// and spill the value.
std::set<InvokeInst*> InvokesWithStoreInserted;
// Find all of the blocks that this value is live in.
std::set<BasicBlock*> LiveBBs;
LiveBBs.insert(Inst->getParent());
while (!Users.empty()) {
Instruction *U = Users.back();
Users.pop_back();
if (!isa<PHINode>(U)) {
MarkBlocksLiveIn(U->getParent(), LiveBBs);
} else {
// Uses for a PHI node occur in their predecessor block.
PHINode *PN = cast<PHINode>(U);
for (unsigned i = 0, e = PN->getNumIncomingValues(); i != e; ++i)
if (PN->getIncomingValue(i) == Inst)
MarkBlocksLiveIn(PN->getIncomingBlock(i), LiveBBs);
}
}
// Now that we know all of the blocks that this thing is live in, see if
// it includes any of the unwind locations.
bool NeedsSpill = false;
for (unsigned i = 0, e = Invokes.size(); i != e; ++i) {
BasicBlock *UnwindBlock = Invokes[i]->getUnwindDest();
if (UnwindBlock != BB && LiveBBs.count(UnwindBlock)) {
NeedsSpill = true;
}
}
// If we decided we need a spill, do it.
if (NeedsSpill) {
++NumSpilled;
DemoteRegToStack(*Inst, true);
}
}
}
bool LowerInvoke::insertExpensiveEHSupport(Function &F) {
SmallVector<ReturnInst*,16> Returns;
SmallVector<InvokeInst*,16> Invokes;
UnreachableInst* UnreachablePlaceholder = 0;
for (Function::iterator BB = F.begin(), E = F.end(); BB != E; ++BB)
if (ReturnInst *RI = dyn_cast<ReturnInst>(BB->getTerminator())) {
// Remember all return instructions in case we insert an invoke into this
// function.
Returns.push_back(RI);
} else if (InvokeInst *II = dyn_cast<InvokeInst>(BB->getTerminator())) {
Invokes.push_back(II);
}
if (Invokes.empty()) return false;
NumInvokes += Invokes.size();
// TODO: This is not an optimal way to do this. In particular, this always
// inserts setjmp calls into the entries of functions with invoke instructions
// even though there are possibly paths through the function that do not
// execute any invokes. In particular, for functions with early exits, e.g.
// the 'addMove' method in hexxagon, it would be nice to not have to do the
// setjmp stuff on the early exit path. This requires a bit of dataflow, but
// would not be too hard to do.
// If we have an invoke instruction, insert a setjmp that dominates all
// invokes. After the setjmp, use a cond branch that goes to the original
// code path on zero, and to a designated 'catch' block of nonzero.
Value *OldJmpBufPtr = 0;
if (!Invokes.empty()) {
// First thing we need to do is scan the whole function for values that are
// live across unwind edges. Each value that is live across an unwind edge
// we spill into a stack location, guaranteeing that there is nothing live
// across the unwind edge. This process also splits all critical edges
// coming out of invoke's.
splitLiveRangesLiveAcrossInvokes(Invokes);
BasicBlock *EntryBB = F.begin();
// Create an alloca for the incoming jump buffer ptr and the new jump buffer
// that needs to be restored on all exits from the function. This is an
// alloca because the value needs to be live across invokes.
const TargetLowering *TLI = TM ? TM->getTargetLowering() : 0;
unsigned Align = TLI ? TLI->getJumpBufAlignment() : 0;
AllocaInst *JmpBuf =
new AllocaInst(JBLinkTy, 0, Align,
"jblink", F.begin()->begin());
Value *Idx[] = { Constant::getNullValue(Type::getInt32Ty(F.getContext())),
ConstantInt::get(Type::getInt32Ty(F.getContext()), 1) };
OldJmpBufPtr = GetElementPtrInst::Create(JmpBuf, Idx, "OldBuf",
EntryBB->getTerminator());
// Copy the JBListHead to the alloca.
Value *OldBuf = new LoadInst(JBListHead, "oldjmpbufptr", true,
EntryBB->getTerminator());
new StoreInst(OldBuf, OldJmpBufPtr, true, EntryBB->getTerminator());
// Add the new jumpbuf to the list.
new StoreInst(JmpBuf, JBListHead, true, EntryBB->getTerminator());
// Create the catch block. The catch block is basically a big switch
// statement that goes to all of the invoke catch blocks.
BasicBlock *CatchBB =
BasicBlock::Create(F.getContext(), "setjmp.catch", &F);
// Create an alloca which keeps track of the stack pointer before every
// invoke, this allows us to properly restore the stack pointer after
// long jumping.
AllocaInst *StackPtr = new AllocaInst(Type::getInt8PtrTy(F.getContext()), 0,
"stackptr", EntryBB->begin());
// Create an alloca which keeps track of which invoke is currently
// executing. For normal calls it contains zero.
AllocaInst *InvokeNum = new AllocaInst(Type::getInt32Ty(F.getContext()), 0,
"invokenum",EntryBB->begin());
new StoreInst(ConstantInt::get(Type::getInt32Ty(F.getContext()), 0),
InvokeNum, true, EntryBB->getTerminator());
// Insert a load in the Catch block, and a switch on its value. By default,
// we go to a block that just does an unwind (which is the correct action
// for a standard call). We insert an unreachable instruction here and
// modify the block to jump to the correct unwinding pad later.
BasicBlock *UnwindBB = BasicBlock::Create(F.getContext(), "unwindbb", &F);
UnreachablePlaceholder = new UnreachableInst(F.getContext(), UnwindBB);
Value *CatchLoad = new LoadInst(InvokeNum, "invoke.num", true, CatchBB);
SwitchInst *CatchSwitch =
SwitchInst::Create(CatchLoad, UnwindBB, Invokes.size(), CatchBB);
// Now that things are set up, insert the setjmp call itself.
// Split the entry block to insert the conditional branch for the setjmp.
BasicBlock *ContBlock = EntryBB->splitBasicBlock(EntryBB->getTerminator(),
"setjmp.cont");
Idx[1] = ConstantInt::get(Type::getInt32Ty(F.getContext()), 0);
Value *JmpBufPtr = GetElementPtrInst::Create(JmpBuf, Idx, "TheJmpBuf",
EntryBB->getTerminator());
JmpBufPtr = new BitCastInst(JmpBufPtr,
Type::getInt8PtrTy(F.getContext()),
"tmp", EntryBB->getTerminator());
Value *SJRet = CallInst::Create(SetJmpFn, JmpBufPtr, "sjret",
EntryBB->getTerminator());
// Compare the return value to zero.
Value *IsNormal = new ICmpInst(EntryBB->getTerminator(),
ICmpInst::ICMP_EQ, SJRet,
Constant::getNullValue(SJRet->getType()),
"notunwind");
// Nuke the uncond branch.
EntryBB->getTerminator()->eraseFromParent();
// Put in a new condbranch in its place.
BranchInst::Create(ContBlock, CatchBB, IsNormal, EntryBB);
// At this point, we are all set up, rewrite each invoke instruction.
for (unsigned i = 0, e = Invokes.size(); i != e; ++i)
rewriteExpensiveInvoke(Invokes[i], i+1, InvokeNum, StackPtr, CatchSwitch);
}
// We know that there is at least one unwind.
// Create three new blocks, the block to load the jmpbuf ptr and compare
// against null, the block to do the longjmp, and the error block for if it
// is null. Add them at the end of the function because they are not hot.
BasicBlock *UnwindHandler = BasicBlock::Create(F.getContext(),
"dounwind", &F);
BasicBlock *UnwindBlock = BasicBlock::Create(F.getContext(), "unwind", &F);
BasicBlock *TermBlock = BasicBlock::Create(F.getContext(), "unwinderror", &F);
// If this function contains an invoke, restore the old jumpbuf ptr.
Value *BufPtr;
if (OldJmpBufPtr) {
// Before the return, insert a copy from the saved value to the new value.
BufPtr = new LoadInst(OldJmpBufPtr, "oldjmpbufptr", UnwindHandler);
new StoreInst(BufPtr, JBListHead, UnwindHandler);
} else {
BufPtr = new LoadInst(JBListHead, "ehlist", UnwindHandler);
}
// Load the JBList, if it's null, then there was no catch!
Value *NotNull = new ICmpInst(*UnwindHandler, ICmpInst::ICMP_NE, BufPtr,
Constant::getNullValue(BufPtr->getType()),
"notnull");
BranchInst::Create(UnwindBlock, TermBlock, NotNull, UnwindHandler);
// Create the block to do the longjmp.
// Get a pointer to the jmpbuf and longjmp.
Value *Idx[] = { Constant::getNullValue(Type::getInt32Ty(F.getContext())),
ConstantInt::get(Type::getInt32Ty(F.getContext()), 0) };
Idx[0] = GetElementPtrInst::Create(BufPtr, Idx, "JmpBuf", UnwindBlock);
Idx[0] = new BitCastInst(Idx[0],
Type::getInt8PtrTy(F.getContext()),
"tmp", UnwindBlock);
Idx[1] = ConstantInt::get(Type::getInt32Ty(F.getContext()), 1);
CallInst::Create(LongJmpFn, Idx, "", UnwindBlock);
new UnreachableInst(F.getContext(), UnwindBlock);
// Set up the term block ("throw without a catch").
new UnreachableInst(F.getContext(), TermBlock);
// Insert a call to abort()
CallInst::Create(AbortFn, "",
TermBlock->getTerminator())->setTailCall();
// Replace the inserted unreachable with a branch to the unwind handler.
if (UnreachablePlaceholder) {
BranchInst::Create(UnwindHandler, UnreachablePlaceholder);
UnreachablePlaceholder->eraseFromParent();
}
// Finally, for any returns from this function, if this function contains an
// invoke, restore the old jmpbuf pointer to its input value.
if (OldJmpBufPtr) {
for (unsigned i = 0, e = Returns.size(); i != e; ++i) {
ReturnInst *R = Returns[i];
// Before the return, insert a copy from the saved value to the new value.
Value *OldBuf = new LoadInst(OldJmpBufPtr, "oldjmpbufptr", true, R);
new StoreInst(OldBuf, JBListHead, true, R);
}
}
return true;
}
bool LowerInvoke::runOnFunction(Function &F) {
if (useExpensiveEHSupport)
return insertExpensiveEHSupport(F);
else
return insertCheapEHSupport(F);
}