/* * filefrag.c -- report if a particular file is fragmented * * Copyright 2003 by Theodore Ts'o. * * %Begin-Header% * This file may be redistributed under the terms of the GNU Public * License. * %End-Header% */ #ifndef __linux__ #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <unistd.h> int main(void) { fputs("This program is only supported on Linux!\n", stderr); exit(EXIT_FAILURE); } #else #define _LARGEFILE64_SOURCE #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <unistd.h> #include <string.h> #include <time.h> #include <fcntl.h> #include <errno.h> #ifdef HAVE_GETOPT_H #include <getopt.h> #else extern char *optarg; extern int optind; #endif #include <sys/types.h> #include <sys/stat.h> #include <sys/vfs.h> #include <sys/ioctl.h> #include <linux/fd.h> #include <ext2fs/ext2_types.h> #include <ext2fs/fiemap.h> int verbose = 0; int no_bs = 0; /* Don't use the files blocksize, use 1K blocksize */ int sync_file = 0; /* fsync file before getting the mapping */ int xattr_map = 0; /* get xattr mapping */ int force_bmap = 0; int logical_width = 12; int physical_width = 14; unsigned long long filesize; #define FILEFRAG_FIEMAP_FLAGS_COMPAT (FIEMAP_FLAG_SYNC | FIEMAP_FLAG_XATTR) #define FIBMAP _IO(0x00, 1) /* bmap access */ #define FIGETBSZ _IO(0x00, 2) /* get the block size used for bmap */ #define FS_IOC_FIEMAP _IOWR('f', 11, struct fiemap) #define EXT4_EXTENTS_FL 0x00080000 /* Inode uses extents */ #define EXT3_IOC_GETFLAGS _IOR('f', 1, long) static int int_log2(int arg) { int l = 0; arg >>= 1; while (arg) { l++; arg >>= 1; } return l; } static int int_log10(unsigned long long arg) { int l = 0; arg = arg / 10; while (arg) { l++; arg = arg / 10; } return l; } static unsigned int div_ceil(unsigned int a, unsigned int b) { if (!a) return 0; return ((a - 1) / b) + 1; } static int get_bmap(int fd, unsigned long block, unsigned long *phy_blk) { int ret; unsigned int b; b = block; ret = ioctl(fd, FIBMAP, &b); /* FIBMAP takes pointer to integer */ if (ret < 0) { if (errno == EPERM) { fprintf(stderr, "No permission to use FIBMAP ioctl; " "must have root privileges\n"); exit(1); } perror("FIBMAP"); } *phy_blk = b; return ret; } static void print_extent_info(struct fiemap_extent *fm_extent, int cur_ex, unsigned long long expected, int blk_shift) { __u64 phy_blk; unsigned long long logical_blk; unsigned long ext_len; char flags[256] = ""; /* For inline data all offsets should be in terms of bytes, not blocks */ if (fm_extent->fe_flags & FIEMAP_EXTENT_DATA_INLINE) blk_shift = 0; ext_len = fm_extent->fe_length >> blk_shift; logical_blk = fm_extent->fe_logical >> blk_shift; phy_blk = fm_extent->fe_physical >> blk_shift; if (fm_extent->fe_flags & FIEMAP_EXTENT_UNKNOWN) strcat(flags, "unknown,"); if (fm_extent->fe_flags & FIEMAP_EXTENT_DELALLOC) strcat(flags, "delalloc,"); if (fm_extent->fe_flags & FIEMAP_EXTENT_DATA_ENCRYPTED) strcat(flags, "encrypted,"); if (fm_extent->fe_flags & FIEMAP_EXTENT_NOT_ALIGNED) strcat(flags, "not_aligned,"); if (fm_extent->fe_flags & FIEMAP_EXTENT_DATA_INLINE) strcat(flags, "inline,"); if (fm_extent->fe_flags & FIEMAP_EXTENT_DATA_TAIL) strcat(flags, "tail_packed,"); if (fm_extent->fe_flags & FIEMAP_EXTENT_UNWRITTEN) strcat(flags, "unwritten,"); if (fm_extent->fe_flags & FIEMAP_EXTENT_MERGED) strcat(flags, "merged,"); if (fm_extent->fe_logical + fm_extent->fe_length >= filesize) strcat(flags, "eof,"); /* Remove trailing comma, if any */ if (flags[0]) flags[strlen(flags) - 1] = '\0'; if (expected) printf("%4d %*llu %*llu %*llu %6lu %s\n", cur_ex, logical_width, logical_blk, physical_width, phy_blk, physical_width, expected, ext_len, flags); else printf("%4d %*llu %*llu %*s %6lu %s\n", cur_ex, logical_width, logical_blk, physical_width, phy_blk, physical_width, "", ext_len, flags); } static int filefrag_fiemap(int fd, int blk_shift, int *num_extents) { char buf[4096] = ""; struct fiemap *fiemap = (struct fiemap *)buf; struct fiemap_extent *fm_ext = &fiemap->fm_extents[0]; int count = (sizeof(buf) - sizeof(*fiemap)) / sizeof(struct fiemap_extent); unsigned long long last_blk = 0; unsigned long flags = 0; unsigned int i; static int fiemap_incompat_printed; int fiemap_header_printed = 0; int tot_extents = 1, n = 0; int last = 0; int rc; fiemap->fm_length = ~0ULL; memset(fiemap, 0, sizeof(struct fiemap)); if (!verbose) count = 0; if (sync_file) flags |= FIEMAP_FLAG_SYNC; if (xattr_map) flags |= FIEMAP_FLAG_XATTR; do { fiemap->fm_length = ~0ULL; fiemap->fm_flags = flags; fiemap->fm_extent_count = count; rc = ioctl(fd, FS_IOC_FIEMAP, (unsigned long) fiemap); if (rc < 0) { if (errno == EBADR && fiemap_incompat_printed == 0) { printf("FIEMAP failed with unsupported " "flags %x\n", fiemap->fm_flags); fiemap_incompat_printed = 1; } return rc; } if (verbose && !fiemap_header_printed) { printf(" ext %*s %*s %*s length flags\n", logical_width, "logical", physical_width, "physical", physical_width, "expected"); fiemap_header_printed = 1; } if (!verbose) { *num_extents = fiemap->fm_mapped_extents; goto out; } /* If 0 extents are returned, then more ioctls are not needed */ if (fiemap->fm_mapped_extents == 0) break; for (i = 0; i < fiemap->fm_mapped_extents; i++) { __u64 phy_blk, logical_blk; unsigned long ext_len; phy_blk = fm_ext[i].fe_physical >> blk_shift; ext_len = fm_ext[i].fe_length >> blk_shift; logical_blk = fm_ext[i].fe_logical >> blk_shift; if (logical_blk && phy_blk != last_blk + 1) tot_extents++; else last_blk = 0; print_extent_info(&fm_ext[i], n, last_blk, blk_shift); last_blk = phy_blk + ext_len - 1; if (fm_ext[i].fe_flags & FIEMAP_EXTENT_LAST) last = 1; n++; } fiemap->fm_start = (fm_ext[i-1].fe_logical + fm_ext[i-1].fe_length); } while (last == 0); *num_extents = tot_extents; out: return 0; } #define EXT2_DIRECT 12 static void frag_report(const char *filename) { struct statfs fsinfo; #ifdef HAVE_FSTAT64 struct stat64 fileinfo; #else struct stat fileinfo; #endif int bs; long fd; unsigned long block, last_block = 0, numblocks, i, count; long bpib; /* Blocks per indirect block */ long cylgroups; int num_extents = 0, expected; int is_ext2 = 0; static int once = 1; unsigned int flags; int rc; #ifdef HAVE_OPEN64 fd = open64(filename, O_RDONLY); #else fd = open(filename, O_RDONLY); #endif if (fd < 0) { perror("open"); return; } if (statfs(filename, &fsinfo) < 0) { perror("statfs"); return; } #ifdef HAVE_FSTAT64 if (stat64(filename, &fileinfo) < 0) { #else if (stat(filename, &fileinfo) < 0) { #endif perror("stat"); return; } if (ioctl(fd, EXT3_IOC_GETFLAGS, &flags) < 0) flags = 0; if (!(flags & EXT4_EXTENTS_FL) && ((fsinfo.f_type == 0xef51) || (fsinfo.f_type == 0xef52) || (fsinfo.f_type == 0xef53))) is_ext2++; if (verbose && once) printf("Filesystem type is: %lx\n", (unsigned long) fsinfo.f_type); cylgroups = div_ceil(fsinfo.f_blocks, fsinfo.f_bsize*8); if (verbose && is_ext2 && once) printf("Filesystem cylinder groups is approximately %ld\n", cylgroups); physical_width = int_log10(fsinfo.f_blocks); if (physical_width < 8) physical_width = 8; if (ioctl(fd, FIGETBSZ, &bs) < 0) { /* FIGETBSZ takes an int */ perror("FIGETBSZ"); close(fd); return; } if (no_bs) bs = 1024; bpib = bs / 4; numblocks = (fileinfo.st_size + (bs-1)) / bs; logical_width = int_log10(numblocks); if (logical_width < 7) logical_width = 7; filesize = (long long)fileinfo.st_size; if (verbose) printf("File size of %s is %lld (%ld block%s, blocksize %d)\n", filename, (long long) fileinfo.st_size, numblocks, numblocks == 1 ? "" : "s", bs); if (force_bmap || filefrag_fiemap(fd, int_log2(bs), &num_extents) != 0) { for (i = 0, count = 0; i < numblocks; i++) { if (is_ext2 && last_block) { if (((i-EXT2_DIRECT) % bpib) == 0) last_block++; if (((i-EXT2_DIRECT-bpib) % (bpib*bpib)) == 0) last_block++; if (((i-EXT2_DIRECT-bpib-bpib*bpib) % (((__u64) bpib)*bpib*bpib)) == 0) last_block++; } rc = get_bmap(fd, i, &block); if (block == 0) continue; if (!num_extents) num_extents++; count++; if (last_block && (block != last_block+1) ) { if (verbose) printf("Discontinuity: Block %ld is at " "%lu (was %lu)\n", i, block, last_block+1); num_extents++; } last_block = block; } } if (num_extents == 1) printf("%s: 1 extent found", filename); else printf("%s: %d extents found", filename, num_extents); expected = (count/((bs*8)-(fsinfo.f_files/8/cylgroups)-3))+1; if (is_ext2 && expected < num_extents) printf(", perfection would be %d extent%s\n", expected, (expected>1) ? "s" : ""); else fputc('\n', stdout); close(fd); once = 0; } static void usage(const char *progname) { fprintf(stderr, "Usage: %s [-Bbvsx] file ...\n", progname); exit(1); } int main(int argc, char**argv) { char **cpp; int c; while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "Bbsvx")) != EOF) switch (c) { case 'B': force_bmap++; break; case 'b': no_bs++; break; case 'v': verbose++; break; case 's': sync_file++; break; case 'x': xattr_map++; break; default: usage(argv[0]); break; } if (optind == argc) usage(argv[0]); for (cpp=argv+optind; *cpp; cpp++) frag_report(*cpp); return 0; } #endif