// Copyright 2008 Google Inc. // Authors: Zhanyong Wan, Lincoln Smith // // Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); // you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. // You may obtain a copy of the License at // // http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 // // Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software // distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, // WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. // See the License for the specific language governing permissions and // limitations under the License. #ifndef OPEN_VCDIFF_COMPILE_ASSERT_H_ #define OPEN_VCDIFF_COMPILE_ASSERT_H_ #include <config.h> // The COMPILE_ASSERT macro can be used to verify that a compile-time // expression is true. For example, you could use it to verify the // size of a static array: // // COMPILE_ASSERT(ARRAYSIZE(content_type_names) == CONTENT_NUM_TYPES, // content_type_names_incorrect_size); // // or to make sure a struct is smaller than a certain size: // // COMPILE_ASSERT(sizeof(foo) < 128, foo_too_large); // // For the second argument to COMPILE_ASSERT, the programmer should supply // a variable name that meets C++ naming rules, but that provides // a description of the compile-time rule that has been violated. // (In the example above, the name used is "foo_too_large".) // If the expression is false, most compilers will issue a warning/error // containing the name of the variable. // This refinement (adding a descriptive variable name argument) // is what differentiates COMPILE_ASSERT from Boost static asserts. template <bool> struct CompileAssert { }; #define COMPILE_ASSERT(expr, msg) \ typedef CompileAssert<static_cast<bool>(expr)> \ msg[static_cast<bool>(expr) ? 1 : -1] // Implementation details of COMPILE_ASSERT: // // - COMPILE_ASSERT works by defining an array type that has -1 // elements (and thus is invalid) when the expression is false. // // - The simpler definition // // #define COMPILE_ASSERT(expr, msg) typedef char msg[(expr) ? 1 : -1] // // does not work, as gcc supports variable-length arrays whose sizes // are determined at run-time (this is gcc's extension and not part // of the C++ standard). As a result, gcc fails to reject the // following code with the simple definition: // // int foo; // COMPILE_ASSERT(foo, msg); // not supposed to compile as foo is // // not a compile-time constant. // // - By using the type CompileAssert<(static_cast<bool>(expr))>, we ensure that // expr is a compile-time constant. (Template arguments must be // determined at compile-time.) // // - The array size is (static_cast<bool>(expr) ? 1 : -1), instead of simply // // ((expr) ? 1 : -1). // // This is to avoid running into a bug in MS VC 7.1, which // causes ((0.0) ? 1 : -1) to incorrectly evaluate to 1. #endif // OPEN_VCDIFF_COMPILE_ASSERT_H_