page.title=Managing Projects from the Command Line parent.title=Managing Projects parent.link=index.html @jd:body <div id="qv-wrapper"> <div id="qv"> <h2>In this document</h2> <ol> <li><a href="#CreatingAProject">Creating an Android Project</a></li> <li><a href="#UpdatingAProject">Updating a Project</a></li> <li><a href="#SettingUpLibraryProject">Setting up a Library Project</a> <ol> <li><a href="#CreatingManifestFile">Creating the manifest file</a></li> <li><a href="#UpdatingLibraryProject">Updating a library project</a></li> </ol> </li> <li><a href="#ReferencingLibraryProject">Referencing a Library Project</a> <ol> <li><a href="#DeclaringLibrary">Declaring library components in the manifest file</a></li> <li><a href="#depAppBuild">Building a dependent application</a></li> </ol> </li> </ol> <h2>See also</h2> <ol> <li><a href= "{@docRoot}tools/testing/testing_otheride.html#CreateTestProjectCommand">Testing from Other IDEs</a></li> </ol> </div> </div> <p>The <code>android</code> tool provides you with commands to create all three types of projects. An Android project contains all of the files and resources that are needed to build a project into an .apk file for installation. <ul> <li>An Android project contains all of the files and resources that are needed to build a project into an .apk file for installation. You need to create an Android project for any application that you want to eventually install on a device.</li> <li>You can also designate an Android project as a library project, which allows it to be shared with other projects that depend on it. Once an Android project is designated as a library project, it cannot be installed onto a device.</li> <li>Test projects extend JUnit test functionality to include Android specific functionality. For more information on creating a test project, see <a href= "{@docRoot}tools/testing/testing_otheride.html">Testing from other IDEs</a>.</li> </ul> <h2 id="CreatingAProject">Creating an Android Project</h2> <p>To create an Android project, you must use the <code>android</code> tool. When you create a new project with <code>android</code>, it will generate a project directory with some default application files, stub files, configuration files and a build file.</p> <p>To create a new Android project, open a command-line, navigate to the <code>tools/</code> directory of your SDK and run:</p> <pre> android create project \ --target <target_ID> \ --name <your_project_name> \ --path path/to/your/project \ --activity <your_activity_name> \ --package <your_package_namespace> </pre> <ul> <li><code>target</code> is the "build target" for your application. It corresponds to an Android platform library (including any add-ons, such as Google APIs) that you would like to build your project against. To see a list of available targets and their corresponding IDs, execute: <code>android list targets</code>.</li> <li><code>name</code> is the name for your project. This is optional. If provided, this name will be used for your .apk filename when you build your application.</li> <li><code>path</code> is the location of your project directory. If the directory does not exist, it will be created for you.</li> <li><code>activity</code> is the name for your default {@link android.app.Activity} class. This class file will be created for you inside <code><em><path_to_your_project></em>/src/<em><your_package_namespace_path></em>/</code> . This will also be used for your .apk filename unless you provide a <code>name</code>.</li> <li><code>package</code> is the package namespace for your project, following the same rules as for packages in the Java programming language.</li> </ul> <p>Here's an example:</p> <pre> android create project \ --target 1 \ --name MyAndroidApp \ --path ./MyAndroidAppProject \ --activity MyAndroidAppActivity \ --package com.example.myandroid </pre> <p>Once you've created your project, you're ready to begin development. You can move your project folder wherever you want for development, but keep in mind that you must use the <a href= "{@docRoot}tools/help/adb.html">Android Debug Bridge</a> (adb) — located in the SDK <code>platform-tools/</code> directory — to send your application to the emulator (discussed later). So you need access between your project solution and the <code>platform-tools/</code> folder.</p> <p class="note"><strong>Tip:</strong> Add the <code>platform-tools/</code> as well as the <code>tools/</code> directory to your <code>PATH</code> environment variable.</p> <p class="caution"><strong>Caution:</strong> You should refrain from moving the location of the SDK directory, because this will break the SDK location property located in <code>local.properties</code>. If you need to update the SDK location, use the <code>android update project</code> command. See <a href="#UpdatingAProject">Updating a Project</a> for more information.</p> <h2 id="UpdatingAProject">Updating a Project</h2> <p>If you're upgrading a project from an older version of the Android SDK or want to create a new project from existing code, use the <code>android update project</code> command to update the project to the new development environment. You can also use this command to revise the build target of an existing project (with the <code>--target</code> option) and the project name (with the <code>--name</code> option). The <code>android</code> tool will generate any files and folders (listed in the previous section) that are either missing or need to be updated, as needed for the Android project.</p> <p>To update an existing Android project, open a command-line and navigate to the <code>tools/</code> directory of your SDK. Now run:</p> <pre> android update project --name <project_name> --target <target_ID> --path <path_to_your_project> </pre> <ul> <li><code>target</code> is the "build target" for your application. It corresponds to an Android platform library (including any add-ons, such as Google APIs) that you would like to build your project against. To see a list of available targets and their corresponding IDs, execute: <code>android list targets</code>.</li> <li><code>path</code> is the location of your project directory.</li> <li><code>name</code> is the name for the project. This is optional—if you're not changing the project name, you don't need this.</li> </ul> <p>Here's an example:</p> <pre> android update project --name MyApp --target 2 --path ./MyAppProject </pre> <h2 id="SettingUpLibraryProject">Setting up a Library Project</h2> <p>A library project is a standard Android project, so you can create a new one in the same way as you would a new application project. Specifically, you can use the <code>android</code> tool to generate a new library project with all of the necessary files and folders.</p> <p>To create a new library project, navigate to the <code><sdk>/tools/</code> directory and use this command:</p> <pre class="no-pretty-print"> android create lib-project --name <your_project_name> \ --target <target_ID> \ --path path/to/your/project \ --package <your_library_package_namespace> </pre> <p>The <code>create lib-project</code> command creates a standard project structure that includes preset property that indicates to the build system that the project is a library. It does this by adding this line to the project's <code>project.properties</code> file:</p> <pre class="no-pretty-print"> android.library=true </pre> <p>Once the command completes, the library project is created and you can begin moving source code and resources into it, as described in the sections below.</p> <p>If you want to convert an existing application project to a library project, so that other applications can use it, you can do so by adding a the <code>android.library=true</code> property to the application's <code>project.properties</code> file.</p> <h3 id="CreatingManifestFile">Creating the manifest file</h3> <p>A library project's manifest file must declare all of the shared components that it includes, just as would a standard Android application. For more information, see the documentation for <a href="{@docRoot}guide/topics/manifest/manifest-intro.html">AndroidManifest.xml</a>.</p> <p>For example, the <a href= "{@docRoot}resources/samples/TicTacToeLib/AndroidManifest.html">TicTacToeLib</a> example library project declares the Activity <code>GameActivity</code>:</p> <pre> <manifest> ... <application> ... <activity android:name="GameActivity" /> ... </application> </manifest> </pre> <h3 id="UpdatingLibraryProject">Updating a library project</h3> <p>If you want to update the build properties (build target, location) of the library project, use this command:</p> <pre> android update lib-project \ --target <em><target_ID></em> \ --path <em>path/to/your/project</em> </pre> <h2 id="ReferencingLibraryProject">Referencing a Library Project</h2> <p>If you are developing an application and want to include the shared code or resources from a library project, you can do so easily by adding a reference to the library project in the application project's build properties.</p> <p>To add a reference to a library project, navigate to the <code><sdk>/tools/</code> directory and use this command:</p> <pre> android update project \ --target <em><target_ID></em> \ --path <em>path/to/your/project</em> --library <em>path/to/library_projectA</em> </pre> <p>This command updates the application project's build properties to include a reference to the library project. Specifically, it adds an <code>android.library.reference.<em>n</em></code> property to the project's <code>project.properties</code> file. For example:</p> <pre class="no-pretty-print"> android.library.reference.1=path/to/library_projectA </pre> <p>If you are adding references to multiple libraries, note that you can set their relative priority (and merge order) by manually editing the <code>project.properties</code> file and adjusting the each reference's <code>.<em>n</em></code> index as appropriate. For example, assume these references:</p> <pre class="no-pretty-print"> android.library.reference.1=path/to/library_projectA android.library.reference.2=path/to/library_projectB android.library.reference.3=path/to/library_projectC </pre> <p>You can reorder the references to give highest priority to <code>library_projectC</code> in this way:</p> <pre class="no-pretty-print"> android.library.reference.2=path/to/library_projectA android.library.reference.3=path/to/library_projectB android.library.reference.1=path/to/library_projectC </pre> <p>Note that the <code>.<em>n</em></code> index in the references must begin at "1" and increase uniformly without "holes". References appearing in the index after a hole are ignored.</p> <p>At build time, the libraries are merged with the application one at a time, starting from the lowest priority to the highest. Note that a library cannot itself reference another library and that, at build time, libraries are not merged with each other before being merged with the application.</p> <h3 id="DeclaringLibrary">Declaring library components in the manifest file</h3> <p>In the manifest file of the application project, you must add declarations of all components that the application will use that are imported from a library project. For example, you must declare any <code><activity></code>, <code><service></code>, <code><receiver></code>, <code><provider></code>, and so on, as well as <code><permission></code>, <code><uses-library></code>, and similar elements.</p> <p>Declarations should reference the library components by their fully-qualified package names, where appropriate.</p> <p>For example, the <a href= "{@docRoot}resources/samples/TicTacToeMain/AndroidManifest.html">TicTacToeMain</a> example application declares the library Activity <code>GameActivity</code> like this:</p> <pre> <manifest> ... <application> ... <activity android:name="com.example.android.tictactoe.library.GameActivity" /> ... </application> </manifest> </pre> <p>For more information about the manifest file, see the documentation for <a href="{@docRoot}guide/topics/manifest/manifest-intro.html">AndroidManifest.xml</a>.</p> <h3 id="depAppBuild">Building a dependent application</h3> <p>To build an application project that depends on one or more library projects, you can use the standard Ant build commands and compile modes, as described in <a href= "{@docRoot}tools/building/index.html">Building and Running</a>. The tools compile and merge all libraries referenced by the application as part of compiling the dependent application project. No additional commands or steps are necessary.</p>