/* Copyright (c) 2013 The Chromium OS Authors. All rights reserved.
* Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
* found in the LICENSE file.
*
* Functions for querying, manipulating and locking rollback indices
* stored in the TPM NVRAM.
*/
#include "sysincludes.h"
#include "crc8.h"
#include "rollback_index.h"
#include "tlcl.h"
#include "tss_constants.h"
#include "utility.h"
#include "vboot_api.h"
#ifndef offsetof
#define offsetof(A,B) __builtin_offsetof(A,B)
#endif
/*
* Provide protoypes for functions not in the header file. These prototypes
* fix -Wmissing-prototypes warnings.
*/
uint32_t ReadSpaceFirmware(RollbackSpaceFirmware *rsf);
uint32_t WriteSpaceFirmware(RollbackSpaceFirmware *rsf);
uint32_t ReadSpaceKernel(RollbackSpaceKernel *rsk);
uint32_t WriteSpaceKernel(RollbackSpaceKernel *rsk);
#ifdef FOR_TEST
/*
* Compiling for unit test, so we need the real implementations of
* rollback functions. The unit test mocks the underlying tlcl
* functions, so this is ok to run on the host.
*/
#undef CHROMEOS_ENVIRONMENT
#undef DISABLE_ROLLBACK_TPM
#endif
#define RETURN_ON_FAILURE(tpm_command) do { \
uint32_t result_; \
if ((result_ = (tpm_command)) != TPM_SUCCESS) { \
VBDEBUG(("Rollback: %08x returned by " #tpm_command \
"\n", (int)result_)); \
return result_; \
} \
} while (0)
uint32_t TPMClearAndReenable(void)
{
VBDEBUG(("TPM: Clear and re-enable\n"));
RETURN_ON_FAILURE(TlclForceClear());
RETURN_ON_FAILURE(TlclSetEnable());
RETURN_ON_FAILURE(TlclSetDeactivated(0));
return TPM_SUCCESS;
}
uint32_t SafeWrite(uint32_t index, const void *data, uint32_t length)
{
uint32_t result = TlclWrite(index, data, length);
if (result == TPM_E_MAXNVWRITES) {
RETURN_ON_FAILURE(TPMClearAndReenable());
return TlclWrite(index, data, length);
} else {
return result;
}
}
uint32_t SafeDefineSpace(uint32_t index, uint32_t perm, uint32_t size)
{
uint32_t result = TlclDefineSpace(index, perm, size);
if (result == TPM_E_MAXNVWRITES) {
RETURN_ON_FAILURE(TPMClearAndReenable());
return TlclDefineSpace(index, perm, size);
} else {
return result;
}
}
/* Functions to read and write firmware and kernel spaces. */
uint32_t ReadSpaceFirmware(RollbackSpaceFirmware *rsf)
{
uint32_t r;
int attempts = 3;
while (attempts--) {
r = TlclRead(FIRMWARE_NV_INDEX, rsf,
sizeof(RollbackSpaceFirmware));
if (r != TPM_SUCCESS)
return r;
/*
* No CRC in this version, so we'll create one when we write
* it. Note that we're marking this as version 2, not
* ROLLBACK_SPACE_FIRMWARE_VERSION, because version 2 just
* added the CRC. Later versions will need to set default
* values for any extra fields explicitly (probably here).
*/
if (rsf->struct_version < 2) {
/* Danger Will Robinson! Danger! */
rsf->struct_version = 2;
return TPM_SUCCESS;
}
/*
* If the CRC is good, we're done. If it's bad, try a couple
* more times to see if it gets better before we give up. It
* could just be noise.
*/
if (rsf->crc8 == Crc8(rsf,
offsetof(RollbackSpaceFirmware, crc8)))
return TPM_SUCCESS;
VBDEBUG(("TPM: %s() - bad CRC\n", __func__));
}
VBDEBUG(("TPM: %s() - too many bad CRCs, giving up\n", __func__));
return TPM_E_CORRUPTED_STATE;
}
uint32_t WriteSpaceFirmware(RollbackSpaceFirmware *rsf)
{
RollbackSpaceFirmware rsf2;
uint32_t r;
int attempts = 3;
/* All writes should use struct_version 2 or greater. */
if (rsf->struct_version < 2)
rsf->struct_version = 2;
rsf->crc8 = Crc8(rsf, offsetof(RollbackSpaceFirmware, crc8));
while (attempts--) {
r = SafeWrite(FIRMWARE_NV_INDEX, rsf,
sizeof(RollbackSpaceFirmware));
/* Can't write, not gonna try again */
if (r != TPM_SUCCESS)
return r;
/* Read it back to be sure it got the right values. */
r = ReadSpaceFirmware(&rsf2); /* This checks the CRC */
if (r == TPM_SUCCESS)
return r;
VBDEBUG(("TPM: %s() - bad CRC\n", __func__));
/* Try writing it again. Maybe it was garbled on the way out. */
}
VBDEBUG(("TPM: %s() - too many bad CRCs, giving up\n", __func__));
return TPM_E_CORRUPTED_STATE;
}
uint32_t SetVirtualDevMode(int val)
{
RollbackSpaceFirmware rsf;
VBDEBUG(("TPM: Entering %s()\n", __func__));
if (TPM_SUCCESS != ReadSpaceFirmware(&rsf))
return VBERROR_TPM_FIRMWARE_SETUP;
VBDEBUG(("TPM: flags were 0x%02x\n", rsf.flags));
if (val)
rsf.flags |= FLAG_VIRTUAL_DEV_MODE_ON;
else
rsf.flags &= ~FLAG_VIRTUAL_DEV_MODE_ON;
/*
* NOTE: This doesn't update the FLAG_LAST_BOOT_DEVELOPER bit. That
* will be done by SetupTPM() on the next boot.
*/
VBDEBUG(("TPM: flags are now 0x%02x\n", rsf.flags));
if (TPM_SUCCESS != WriteSpaceFirmware(&rsf))
return VBERROR_TPM_SET_BOOT_MODE_STATE;
VBDEBUG(("TPM: Leaving %s()\n", __func__));
return VBERROR_SUCCESS;
}
uint32_t ReadSpaceKernel(RollbackSpaceKernel *rsk)
{
uint32_t r;
int attempts = 3;
while (attempts--) {
r = TlclRead(KERNEL_NV_INDEX, rsk, sizeof(RollbackSpaceKernel));
if (r != TPM_SUCCESS)
return r;
/*
* No CRC in this version, so we'll create one when we write
* it. Note that we're marking this as version 2, not
* ROLLBACK_SPACE_KERNEL_VERSION, because version 2 just added
* the CRC. Later versions will need to set default values for
* any extra fields explicitly (probably here).
*/
if (rsk->struct_version < 2) {
/* Danger Will Robinson! Danger! */
rsk->struct_version = 2;
return TPM_SUCCESS;
}
/*
* If the CRC is good, we're done. If it's bad, try a couple
* more times to see if it gets better before we give up. It
* could just be noise.
*/
if (rsk->crc8 == Crc8(rsk, offsetof(RollbackSpaceKernel, crc8)))
return TPM_SUCCESS;
VBDEBUG(("TPM: %s() - bad CRC\n", __func__));
}
VBDEBUG(("TPM: %s() - too many bad CRCs, giving up\n", __func__));
return TPM_E_CORRUPTED_STATE;
}
uint32_t WriteSpaceKernel(RollbackSpaceKernel *rsk)
{
RollbackSpaceKernel rsk2;
uint32_t r;
int attempts = 3;
/* All writes should use struct_version 2 or greater. */
if (rsk->struct_version < 2)
rsk->struct_version = 2;
rsk->crc8 = Crc8(rsk, offsetof(RollbackSpaceKernel, crc8));
while (attempts--) {
r = SafeWrite(KERNEL_NV_INDEX, rsk,
sizeof(RollbackSpaceKernel));
/* Can't write, not gonna try again */
if (r != TPM_SUCCESS)
return r;
/* Read it back to be sure it got the right values. */
r = ReadSpaceKernel(&rsk2); /* This checks the CRC */
if (r == TPM_SUCCESS)
return r;
VBDEBUG(("TPM: %s() - bad CRC\n", __func__));
/* Try writing it again. Maybe it was garbled on the way out. */
}
VBDEBUG(("TPM: %s() - too many bad CRCs, giving up\n", __func__));
return TPM_E_CORRUPTED_STATE;
}
uint32_t OneTimeInitializeTPM(RollbackSpaceFirmware *rsf,
RollbackSpaceKernel *rsk)
{
static const RollbackSpaceFirmware rsf_init = {
.struct_version = ROLLBACK_SPACE_FIRMWARE_VERSION,
};
static const RollbackSpaceKernel rsk_init = {
.struct_version = ROLLBACK_SPACE_KERNEL_VERSION,
.uid = ROLLBACK_SPACE_KERNEL_UID,
};
TPM_PERMANENT_FLAGS pflags;
uint32_t result;
VBDEBUG(("TPM: One-time initialization\n"));
/*
* Do a full test. This only happens the first time the device is
* turned on in the factory, so performance is not an issue. This is
* almost certainly not necessary, but it gives us more confidence
* about some code paths below that are difficult to
* test---specifically the ones that set lifetime flags, and are only
* executed once per physical TPM.
*/
result = TlclSelfTestFull();
if (result != TPM_SUCCESS)
return result;
result = TlclGetPermanentFlags(&pflags);
if (result != TPM_SUCCESS)
return result;
/*
* TPM may come from the factory without physical presence finalized.
* Fix if necessary.
*/
VBDEBUG(("TPM: physicalPresenceLifetimeLock=%d\n",
pflags.physicalPresenceLifetimeLock));
if (!pflags.physicalPresenceLifetimeLock) {
VBDEBUG(("TPM: Finalizing physical presence\n"));
RETURN_ON_FAILURE(TlclFinalizePhysicalPresence());
}
/*
* The TPM will not enforce the NV authorization restrictions until the
* execution of a TPM_NV_DefineSpace with the handle of
* TPM_NV_INDEX_LOCK. Here we create that space if it doesn't already
* exist. */
VBDEBUG(("TPM: nvLocked=%d\n", pflags.nvLocked));
if (!pflags.nvLocked) {
VBDEBUG(("TPM: Enabling NV locking\n"));
RETURN_ON_FAILURE(TlclSetNvLocked());
}
/* Clear TPM owner, in case the TPM is already owned for some reason. */
VBDEBUG(("TPM: Clearing owner\n"));
RETURN_ON_FAILURE(TPMClearAndReenable());
/* Initializes the firmware and kernel spaces */
Memcpy(rsf, &rsf_init, sizeof(RollbackSpaceFirmware));
Memcpy(rsk, &rsk_init, sizeof(RollbackSpaceKernel));
/* Define the backup space. No need to initialize it, though. */
RETURN_ON_FAILURE(SafeDefineSpace(
BACKUP_NV_INDEX, TPM_NV_PER_PPWRITE, BACKUP_NV_SIZE));
/* Define and initialize the kernel space */
RETURN_ON_FAILURE(SafeDefineSpace(KERNEL_NV_INDEX, TPM_NV_PER_PPWRITE,
sizeof(RollbackSpaceKernel)));
RETURN_ON_FAILURE(WriteSpaceKernel(rsk));
/* Do the firmware space last, so we retry if we don't get this far. */
RETURN_ON_FAILURE(SafeDefineSpace(
FIRMWARE_NV_INDEX,
TPM_NV_PER_GLOBALLOCK | TPM_NV_PER_PPWRITE,
sizeof(RollbackSpaceFirmware)));
RETURN_ON_FAILURE(WriteSpaceFirmware(rsf));
return TPM_SUCCESS;
}
/*
* SetupTPM starts the TPM and establishes the root of trust for the
* anti-rollback mechanism. SetupTPM can fail for three reasons. 1 A bug. 2 a
* TPM hardware failure. 3 An unexpected TPM state due to some attack. In
* general we cannot easily distinguish the kind of failure, so our strategy is
* to reboot in recovery mode in all cases. The recovery mode calls SetupTPM
* again, which executes (almost) the same sequence of operations. There is a
* good chance that, if recovery mode was entered because of a TPM failure, the
* failure will repeat itself. (In general this is impossible to guarantee
* because we have no way of creating the exact TPM initial state at the
* previous boot.) In recovery mode, we ignore the failure and continue, thus
* giving the recovery kernel a chance to fix things (that's why we don't set
* bGlobalLock). The choice is between a knowingly insecure device and a
* bricked device.
*
* As a side note, observe that we go through considerable hoops to avoid using
* the STCLEAR permissions for the index spaces. We do this to avoid writing
* to the TPM flashram at every reboot or wake-up, because of concerns about
* the durability of the NVRAM.
*/
uint32_t SetupTPM(int developer_mode, int disable_dev_request,
int clear_tpm_owner_request, RollbackSpaceFirmware* rsf)
{
uint8_t in_flags;
uint8_t disable;
uint8_t deactivated;
uint32_t result;
uint32_t versions;
RETURN_ON_FAILURE(TlclLibInit());
#ifdef TEGRA_SOFT_REBOOT_WORKAROUND
result = TlclStartup();
if (result == TPM_E_INVALID_POSTINIT) {
/*
* Some prototype hardware doesn't reset the TPM on a CPU
* reset. We do a hard reset to get around this.
*/
VBDEBUG(("TPM: soft reset detected\n", result));
return TPM_E_MUST_REBOOT;
} else if (result != TPM_SUCCESS) {
VBDEBUG(("TPM: TlclStartup returned %08x\n", result));
return result;
}
#else
RETURN_ON_FAILURE(TlclStartup());
#endif
/*
* Some TPMs start the self test automatically at power on. In that case we
* don't need to call ContinueSelfTest. On some (other) TPMs,
* ContinueSelfTest may block. In that case, we definitely don't want to
* call it here. For TPMs in the intersection of these two sets, we're
* screwed. (In other words: TPMs that require manually starting the
* self-test AND block will have poor performance until we split
* TlclSendReceive() into Send() and Receive(), and have a state machine to
* control setup.)
*
* This comment is likely to become obsolete in the near future, so don't
* trust it. It may have not been updated.
*/
#ifdef TPM_MANUAL_SELFTEST
#ifdef TPM_BLOCKING_CONTINUESELFTEST
#warning "lousy TPM!"
#endif
RETURN_ON_FAILURE(TlclContinueSelfTest());
#endif
result = TlclAssertPhysicalPresence();
if (result != TPM_SUCCESS) {
/*
* It is possible that the TPM was delivered with the physical
* presence command disabled. This tries enabling it, then
* tries asserting PP again.
*/
RETURN_ON_FAILURE(TlclPhysicalPresenceCMDEnable());
RETURN_ON_FAILURE(TlclAssertPhysicalPresence());
}
/* Check that the TPM is enabled and activated. */
RETURN_ON_FAILURE(TlclGetFlags(&disable, &deactivated, NULL));
if (disable || deactivated) {
VBDEBUG(("TPM: disabled (%d) or deactivated (%d). Fixing...\n",
disable, deactivated));
RETURN_ON_FAILURE(TlclSetEnable());
RETURN_ON_FAILURE(TlclSetDeactivated(0));
VBDEBUG(("TPM: Must reboot to re-enable\n"));
return TPM_E_MUST_REBOOT;
}
/* Read the firmware space. */
result = ReadSpaceFirmware(rsf);
if (TPM_E_BADINDEX == result) {
RollbackSpaceKernel rsk;
/*
* This is the first time we've run, and the TPM has not been
* initialized. Initialize it.
*/
VBDEBUG(("TPM: Not initialized yet.\n"));
RETURN_ON_FAILURE(OneTimeInitializeTPM(rsf, &rsk));
} else if (TPM_SUCCESS != result) {
VBDEBUG(("TPM: Firmware space in a bad state; giving up.\n"));
return TPM_E_CORRUPTED_STATE;
}
Memcpy(&versions, &rsf->fw_versions, sizeof(versions));
VBDEBUG(("TPM: Firmware space sv%d f%x v%x\n",
rsf->struct_version, rsf->flags, versions));
in_flags = rsf->flags;
/* If we've been asked to clear the virtual dev-mode flag, do so now */
if (disable_dev_request) {
rsf->flags &= ~FLAG_VIRTUAL_DEV_MODE_ON;
VBDEBUG(("TPM: Clearing virt dev-switch: f%x\n", rsf->flags));
}
/*
* The developer_mode value that's passed in is only set by a hardware
* dev-switch. We should OR it with the virtual switch, whether or not
* the virtual switch is used. If it's not used, it shouldn't change,
* so it doesn't matter.
*/
if (rsf->flags & FLAG_VIRTUAL_DEV_MODE_ON)
developer_mode = 1;
/*
* Clear ownership if developer flag has toggled, or if an owner-clear
* has been requested.
*/
if ((developer_mode ? FLAG_LAST_BOOT_DEVELOPER : 0) !=
(in_flags & FLAG_LAST_BOOT_DEVELOPER)) {
VBDEBUG(("TPM: Developer flag changed; clearing owner.\n"));
RETURN_ON_FAILURE(TPMClearAndReenable());
} else if (clear_tpm_owner_request) {
VBDEBUG(("TPM: Clearing owner as specifically requested.\n"));
RETURN_ON_FAILURE(TPMClearAndReenable());
}
if (developer_mode)
rsf->flags |= FLAG_LAST_BOOT_DEVELOPER;
else
rsf->flags &= ~FLAG_LAST_BOOT_DEVELOPER;
/* If firmware space is dirty, flush it back to the TPM */
if (rsf->flags != in_flags) {
VBDEBUG(("TPM: Updating firmware space.\n"));
RETURN_ON_FAILURE(WriteSpaceFirmware(rsf));
}
VBDEBUG(("TPM: SetupTPM() succeeded\n"));
return TPM_SUCCESS;
}
#ifdef DISABLE_ROLLBACK_TPM
/* Dummy implementations which don't support TPM rollback protection */
uint32_t RollbackS3Resume(void)
{
#ifndef CHROMEOS_ENVIRONMENT
/*
* Initialize the TPM, but ignore return codes. In ChromeOS
* environment, don't even talk to the TPM.
*/
TlclLibInit();
TlclResume();
#endif
return TPM_SUCCESS;
}
uint32_t RollbackFirmwareSetup(int is_hw_dev,
int disable_dev_request,
int clear_tpm_owner_request,
int *is_virt_dev, uint32_t *version)
{
#ifndef CHROMEOS_ENVIRONMENT
/*
* Initialize the TPM, but ignores return codes. In ChromeOS
* environment, don't even talk to the TPM.
*/
TlclLibInit();
TlclStartup();
TlclContinueSelfTest();
#endif
*is_virt_dev = 0;
*version = 0;
return TPM_SUCCESS;
}
uint32_t RollbackFirmwareWrite(uint32_t version)
{
return TPM_SUCCESS;
}
uint32_t RollbackFirmwareLock(void)
{
return TPM_SUCCESS;
}
uint32_t RollbackKernelRead(uint32_t* version)
{
*version = 0;
return TPM_SUCCESS;
}
uint32_t RollbackKernelWrite(uint32_t version)
{
return TPM_SUCCESS;
}
uint32_t RollbackBackupRead(uint8_t *raw)
{
return TPM_SUCCESS;
}
uint32_t RollbackBackupWrite(uint8_t *raw)
{
return TPM_SUCCESS;
}
uint32_t RollbackKernelLock(int recovery_mode)
{
return TPM_SUCCESS;
}
#else
uint32_t RollbackS3Resume(void)
{
uint32_t result;
RETURN_ON_FAILURE(TlclLibInit());
result = TlclResume();
if (result == TPM_E_INVALID_POSTINIT) {
/*
* We're on a platform where the TPM maintains power in S3, so
* it's already initialized.
*/
return TPM_SUCCESS;
}
return result;
}
uint32_t RollbackFirmwareSetup(int is_hw_dev,
int disable_dev_request,
int clear_tpm_owner_request,
int *is_virt_dev, uint32_t *version)
{
RollbackSpaceFirmware rsf;
/* Set version to 0 in case we fail */
*version = 0;
RETURN_ON_FAILURE(SetupTPM(is_hw_dev, disable_dev_request,
clear_tpm_owner_request, &rsf));
Memcpy(version, &rsf.fw_versions, sizeof(*version));
*is_virt_dev = (rsf.flags & FLAG_VIRTUAL_DEV_MODE_ON) ? 1 : 0;
VBDEBUG(("TPM: RollbackFirmwareSetup %x\n", (int)*version));
return TPM_SUCCESS;
}
uint32_t RollbackFirmwareWrite(uint32_t version)
{
RollbackSpaceFirmware rsf;
uint32_t old_version;
RETURN_ON_FAILURE(ReadSpaceFirmware(&rsf));
Memcpy(&old_version, &rsf.fw_versions, sizeof(old_version));
VBDEBUG(("TPM: RollbackFirmwareWrite %x --> %x\n", (int)old_version,
(int)version));
Memcpy(&rsf.fw_versions, &version, sizeof(version));
return WriteSpaceFirmware(&rsf);
}
uint32_t RollbackFirmwareLock(void)
{
return TlclSetGlobalLock();
}
uint32_t RollbackKernelRead(uint32_t* version)
{
RollbackSpaceKernel rsk;
uint32_t perms, uid;
/*
* Read the kernel space and verify its permissions. If the kernel
* space has the wrong permission, or it doesn't contain the right
* identifier, we give up. This will need to be fixed by the
* recovery kernel. We have to worry about this because at any time
* (even with PP turned off) the TPM owner can remove and redefine a
* PP-protected space (but not write to it).
*/
RETURN_ON_FAILURE(ReadSpaceKernel(&rsk));
RETURN_ON_FAILURE(TlclGetPermissions(KERNEL_NV_INDEX, &perms));
Memcpy(&uid, &rsk.uid, sizeof(uid));
if (TPM_NV_PER_PPWRITE != perms || ROLLBACK_SPACE_KERNEL_UID != uid)
return TPM_E_CORRUPTED_STATE;
Memcpy(version, &rsk.kernel_versions, sizeof(*version));
VBDEBUG(("TPM: RollbackKernelRead %x\n", (int)*version));
return TPM_SUCCESS;
}
uint32_t RollbackKernelWrite(uint32_t version)
{
RollbackSpaceKernel rsk;
uint32_t old_version;
RETURN_ON_FAILURE(ReadSpaceKernel(&rsk));
Memcpy(&old_version, &rsk.kernel_versions, sizeof(old_version));
VBDEBUG(("TPM: RollbackKernelWrite %x --> %x\n",
(int)old_version, (int)version));
Memcpy(&rsk.kernel_versions, &version, sizeof(version));
return WriteSpaceKernel(&rsk);
}
/*
* We don't really care whether the TPM owner has been messing with this or
* not. We lock it along with the Kernel space just to avoid problems, but it's
* only useful in dev-mode and only when the battery has been drained
* completely. There aren't any security issues. It's just in the TPM because
* we don't have any other place to keep it.
*/
uint32_t RollbackBackupRead(uint8_t *raw)
{
uint32_t r;
r = TlclRead(BACKUP_NV_INDEX, raw, BACKUP_NV_SIZE);
VBDEBUG(("TPM: %s returning 0x%x\n", __func__, r));
return r;
}
uint32_t RollbackBackupWrite(uint8_t *raw)
{
uint32_t r;
r = TlclWrite(BACKUP_NV_INDEX, raw, BACKUP_NV_SIZE);
VBDEBUG(("TPM: %s returning 0x%x\n", __func__, r));
return r;
}
uint32_t RollbackKernelLock(int recovery_mode)
{
if (recovery_mode)
return TPM_SUCCESS;
else
return TlclLockPhysicalPresence();
}
#endif /* DISABLE_ROLLBACK_TPM */