:mod:`SimpleXMLRPCServer` --- Basic XML-RPC server
==================================================
.. module:: SimpleXMLRPCServer
:synopsis: Basic XML-RPC server implementation.
.. moduleauthor:: Brian Quinlan <brianq@activestate.com>
.. sectionauthor:: Fred L. Drake, Jr. <fdrake@acm.org>
.. note::
The :mod:`SimpleXMLRPCServer` module has been merged into
:mod:`xmlrpc.server` in Python 3. The :term:`2to3` tool will automatically
adapt imports when converting your sources to Python 3.
.. versionadded:: 2.2
**Source code:** :source:`Lib/SimpleXMLRPCServer.py`
--------------
The :mod:`SimpleXMLRPCServer` module provides a basic server framework for
XML-RPC servers written in Python. Servers can either be free standing, using
:class:`~SimpleXMLRPCServer.SimpleXMLRPCServer`, or embedded in a CGI environment, using
:class:`CGIXMLRPCRequestHandler`.
.. class:: SimpleXMLRPCServer(addr[, requestHandler[, logRequests[, allow_none[, encoding[, bind_and_activate]]]])
Create a new server instance. This class provides methods for registration of
functions that can be called by the XML-RPC protocol. The *requestHandler*
parameter should be a factory for request handler instances; it defaults to
:class:`SimpleXMLRPCRequestHandler`. The *addr* and *requestHandler* parameters
are passed to the :class:`SocketServer.TCPServer` constructor. If *logRequests*
is true (the default), requests will be logged; setting this parameter to false
will turn off logging. The *allow_none* and *encoding* parameters are passed
on to :mod:`xmlrpclib` and control the XML-RPC responses that will be returned
from the server. The *bind_and_activate* parameter controls whether
:meth:`server_bind` and :meth:`server_activate` are called immediately by the
constructor; it defaults to true. Setting it to false allows code to manipulate
the *allow_reuse_address* class variable before the address is bound.
.. versionchanged:: 2.5
The *allow_none* and *encoding* parameters were added.
.. versionchanged:: 2.6
The *bind_and_activate* parameter was added.
.. class:: CGIXMLRPCRequestHandler([allow_none[, encoding]])
Create a new instance to handle XML-RPC requests in a CGI environment. The
*allow_none* and *encoding* parameters are passed on to :mod:`xmlrpclib` and
control the XML-RPC responses that will be returned from the server.
.. versionadded:: 2.3
.. versionchanged:: 2.5
The *allow_none* and *encoding* parameters were added.
.. class:: SimpleXMLRPCRequestHandler()
Create a new request handler instance. This request handler supports ``POST``
requests and modifies logging so that the *logRequests* parameter to the
:class:`~SimpleXMLRPCServer.SimpleXMLRPCServer` constructor parameter is honored.
.. _simple-xmlrpc-servers:
SimpleXMLRPCServer Objects
--------------------------
The :class:`~SimpleXMLRPCServer.SimpleXMLRPCServer` class is based on
:class:`SocketServer.TCPServer` and provides a means of creating simple, stand
alone XML-RPC servers.
.. method:: SimpleXMLRPCServer.register_function(function[, name])
Register a function that can respond to XML-RPC requests. If *name* is given,
it will be the method name associated with *function*, otherwise
``function.__name__`` will be used. *name* can be either a normal or Unicode
string, and may contain characters not legal in Python identifiers, including
the period character.
.. method:: SimpleXMLRPCServer.register_instance(instance[, allow_dotted_names])
Register an object which is used to expose method names which have not been
registered using :meth:`register_function`. If *instance* contains a
:meth:`_dispatch` method, it is called with the requested method name and the
parameters from the request. Its API is ``def _dispatch(self, method, params)``
(note that *params* does not represent a variable argument list). If it calls
an underlying function to perform its task, that function is called as
``func(*params)``, expanding the parameter list. The return value from
:meth:`_dispatch` is returned to the client as the result. If *instance* does
not have a :meth:`_dispatch` method, it is searched for an attribute matching
the name of the requested method.
If the optional *allow_dotted_names* argument is true and the instance does not
have a :meth:`_dispatch` method, then if the requested method name contains
periods, each component of the method name is searched for individually, with
the effect that a simple hierarchical search is performed. The value found from
this search is then called with the parameters from the request, and the return
value is passed back to the client.
.. warning::
Enabling the *allow_dotted_names* option allows intruders to access your
module's global variables and may allow intruders to execute arbitrary code on
your machine. Only use this option on a secure, closed network.
.. versionchanged:: 2.3.5, 2.4.1
*allow_dotted_names* was added to plug a security hole; prior versions are
insecure.
.. method:: SimpleXMLRPCServer.register_introspection_functions()
Registers the XML-RPC introspection functions ``system.listMethods``,
``system.methodHelp`` and ``system.methodSignature``.
.. versionadded:: 2.3
.. method:: SimpleXMLRPCServer.register_multicall_functions()
Registers the XML-RPC multicall function system.multicall.
.. attribute:: SimpleXMLRPCRequestHandler.rpc_paths
An attribute value that must be a tuple listing valid path portions of the URL
for receiving XML-RPC requests. Requests posted to other paths will result in a
404 "no such page" HTTP error. If this tuple is empty, all paths will be
considered valid. The default value is ``('/', '/RPC2')``.
.. versionadded:: 2.5
.. attribute:: SimpleXMLRPCRequestHandler.encode_threshold
If this attribute is not ``None``, responses larger than this value
will be encoded using the *gzip* transfer encoding, if permitted by
the client. The default is ``1400`` which corresponds roughly
to a single TCP packet.
.. versionadded:: 2.7
.. _simplexmlrpcserver-example:
SimpleXMLRPCServer Example
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
Server code::
from SimpleXMLRPCServer import SimpleXMLRPCServer
from SimpleXMLRPCServer import SimpleXMLRPCRequestHandler
# Restrict to a particular path.
class RequestHandler(SimpleXMLRPCRequestHandler):
rpc_paths = ('/RPC2',)
# Create server
server = SimpleXMLRPCServer(("localhost", 8000),
requestHandler=RequestHandler)
server.register_introspection_functions()
# Register pow() function; this will use the value of
# pow.__name__ as the name, which is just 'pow'.
server.register_function(pow)
# Register a function under a different name
def adder_function(x,y):
return x + y
server.register_function(adder_function, 'add')
# Register an instance; all the methods of the instance are
# published as XML-RPC methods (in this case, just 'div').
class MyFuncs:
def div(self, x, y):
return x // y
server.register_instance(MyFuncs())
# Run the server's main loop
server.serve_forever()
The following client code will call the methods made available by the preceding
server::
import xmlrpclib
s = xmlrpclib.ServerProxy('http://localhost:8000')
print s.pow(2,3) # Returns 2**3 = 8
print s.add(2,3) # Returns 5
print s.div(5,2) # Returns 5//2 = 2
# Print list of available methods
print s.system.listMethods()
The following :class:`~SimpleXMLRPCServer.SimpleXMLRPCServer` example is included in the module
`Lib/SimpleXMLRPCServer.py`::
server = SimpleXMLRPCServer(("localhost", 8000))
server.register_function(pow)
server.register_function(lambda x,y: x+y, 'add')
server.register_multicall_functions()
server.serve_forever()
This demo server can be run from the command line as::
python -m SimpleXMLRPCServer
Example client code which talks to the above server is included with
`Lib/xmlrpclib.py`::
server = ServerProxy("http://localhost:8000")
print server
multi = MultiCall(server)
multi.pow(2, 9)
multi.add(5, 1)
multi.add(24, 11)
try:
for response in multi():
print response
except Error, v:
print "ERROR", v
And the client can be invoked directly using the following command::
python -m xmlrpclib
CGIXMLRPCRequestHandler
-----------------------
The :class:`CGIXMLRPCRequestHandler` class can be used to handle XML-RPC
requests sent to Python CGI scripts.
.. method:: CGIXMLRPCRequestHandler.register_function(function[, name])
Register a function that can respond to XML-RPC requests. If *name* is given,
it will be the method name associated with function, otherwise
*function.__name__* will be used. *name* can be either a normal or Unicode
string, and may contain characters not legal in Python identifiers, including
the period character.
.. method:: CGIXMLRPCRequestHandler.register_instance(instance)
Register an object which is used to expose method names which have not been
registered using :meth:`register_function`. If instance contains a
:meth:`_dispatch` method, it is called with the requested method name and the
parameters from the request; the return value is returned to the client as the
result. If instance does not have a :meth:`_dispatch` method, it is searched
for an attribute matching the name of the requested method; if the requested
method name contains periods, each component of the method name is searched for
individually, with the effect that a simple hierarchical search is performed.
The value found from this search is then called with the parameters from the
request, and the return value is passed back to the client.
.. method:: CGIXMLRPCRequestHandler.register_introspection_functions()
Register the XML-RPC introspection functions ``system.listMethods``,
``system.methodHelp`` and ``system.methodSignature``.
.. method:: CGIXMLRPCRequestHandler.register_multicall_functions()
Register the XML-RPC multicall function ``system.multicall``.
.. method:: CGIXMLRPCRequestHandler.handle_request([request_text = None])
Handle an XML-RPC request. If *request_text* is given, it should be the POST
data provided by the HTTP server, otherwise the contents of stdin will be used.
Example::
class MyFuncs:
def div(self, x, y): return x // y
handler = CGIXMLRPCRequestHandler()
handler.register_function(pow)
handler.register_function(lambda x,y: x+y, 'add')
handler.register_introspection_functions()
handler.register_instance(MyFuncs())
handler.handle_request()