/*
* Copyright (c) 1998 Robert Nordier
* All rights reserved.
*
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
* are met:
* 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
* 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in
* the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
* distribution.
*
* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR(S) ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS
* OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
* WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
* ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR(S) BE LIABLE FOR ANY
* DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
* DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE
* GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
* INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER
* IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR
* OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN
* IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
*/
#ifndef lint
static const char rcsid[] =
"$FreeBSD: head/sbin/newfs_msdos/mkfs_msdos.c 335189 2018-06-15 06:03:40Z delphij $";
#endif /* not lint */
#include <sys/param.h>
#if defined(__linux__)
#include <linux/fs.h>
#include <linux/hdreg.h>
#include <sys/ioctl.h>
#elif defined(__APPLE__)
/* Nothing. */
#else
#include <sys/fdcio.h>
#include <sys/disk.h>
#include <sys/disklabel.h>
#include <sys/mount.h>
#endif
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <sys/time.h>
#include <ctype.h>
#include <err.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <inttypes.h>
#include <paths.h>
#include <signal.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include "mkfs_msdos.h"
#if !defined(__packed)
#define __packed __attribute__((__packed__))
#endif
#if !defined(__unused)
#define __unused __attribute__((__unused__))
#endif
#define MAXU16 0xffff /* maximum unsigned 16-bit quantity */
#define BPN 4 /* bits per nibble */
#define NPB 2 /* nibbles per byte */
#define DOSMAGIC 0xaa55 /* DOS magic number */
#define MINBPS 512 /* minimum bytes per sector */
#define MAXSPC 128 /* maximum sectors per cluster */
#define MAXNFT 16 /* maximum number of FATs */
#define DEFBLK 4096 /* default block size */
#define DEFBLK16 2048 /* default block size FAT16 */
#define DEFRDE 512 /* default root directory entries */
#define RESFTE 2 /* reserved FAT entries */
#define MINCLS12 1U /* minimum FAT12 clusters */
#define MINCLS16 0xff5U /* minimum FAT16 clusters */
#define MINCLS32 0xfff5U /* minimum FAT32 clusters */
#define MAXCLS12 0xff4U /* maximum FAT12 clusters */
#define MAXCLS16 0xfff4U /* maximum FAT16 clusters */
#define MAXCLS32 0xffffff4U /* maximum FAT32 clusters */
#define mincls(fat) ((fat) == 12 ? MINCLS12 : \
(fat) == 16 ? MINCLS16 : \
MINCLS32)
#define maxcls(fat) ((fat) == 12 ? MAXCLS12 : \
(fat) == 16 ? MAXCLS16 : \
MAXCLS32)
#define mk1(p, x) \
(p) = (u_int8_t)(x)
#define mk2(p, x) \
(p)[0] = (u_int8_t)(x), \
(p)[1] = (u_int8_t)((x) >> 010)
#define mk4(p, x) \
(p)[0] = (u_int8_t)(x), \
(p)[1] = (u_int8_t)((x) >> 010), \
(p)[2] = (u_int8_t)((x) >> 020), \
(p)[3] = (u_int8_t)((x) >> 030)
struct bs {
u_int8_t bsJump[3]; /* bootstrap entry point */
u_int8_t bsOemName[8]; /* OEM name and version */
} __packed;
struct bsbpb {
u_int8_t bpbBytesPerSec[2]; /* bytes per sector */
u_int8_t bpbSecPerClust; /* sectors per cluster */
u_int8_t bpbResSectors[2]; /* reserved sectors */
u_int8_t bpbFATs; /* number of FATs */
u_int8_t bpbRootDirEnts[2]; /* root directory entries */
u_int8_t bpbSectors[2]; /* total sectors */
u_int8_t bpbMedia; /* media descriptor */
u_int8_t bpbFATsecs[2]; /* sectors per FAT */
u_int8_t bpbSecPerTrack[2]; /* sectors per track */
u_int8_t bpbHeads[2]; /* drive heads */
u_int8_t bpbHiddenSecs[4]; /* hidden sectors */
u_int8_t bpbHugeSectors[4]; /* big total sectors */
} __packed;
struct bsxbpb {
u_int8_t bpbBigFATsecs[4]; /* big sectors per FAT */
u_int8_t bpbExtFlags[2]; /* FAT control flags */
u_int8_t bpbFSVers[2]; /* file system version */
u_int8_t bpbRootClust[4]; /* root directory start cluster */
u_int8_t bpbFSInfo[2]; /* file system info sector */
u_int8_t bpbBackup[2]; /* backup boot sector */
u_int8_t bpbReserved[12]; /* reserved */
} __packed;
struct bsx {
u_int8_t exDriveNumber; /* drive number */
u_int8_t exReserved1; /* reserved */
u_int8_t exBootSignature; /* extended boot signature */
u_int8_t exVolumeID[4]; /* volume ID number */
u_int8_t exVolumeLabel[11]; /* volume label */
u_int8_t exFileSysType[8]; /* file system type */
} __packed;
struct de {
u_int8_t deName[11]; /* name and extension */
u_int8_t deAttributes; /* attributes */
u_int8_t rsvd[10]; /* reserved */
u_int8_t deMTime[2]; /* last-modified time */
u_int8_t deMDate[2]; /* last-modified date */
u_int8_t deStartCluster[2]; /* starting cluster */
u_int8_t deFileSize[4]; /* size */
} __packed;
struct bpb {
u_int bpbBytesPerSec; /* bytes per sector */
u_int bpbSecPerClust; /* sectors per cluster */
u_int bpbResSectors; /* reserved sectors */
u_int bpbFATs; /* number of FATs */
u_int bpbRootDirEnts; /* root directory entries */
u_int bpbSectors; /* total sectors */
u_int bpbMedia; /* media descriptor */
u_int bpbFATsecs; /* sectors per FAT */
u_int bpbSecPerTrack; /* sectors per track */
u_int bpbHeads; /* drive heads */
u_int bpbHiddenSecs; /* hidden sectors */
u_int bpbHugeSectors; /* big total sectors */
u_int bpbBigFATsecs; /* big sectors per FAT */
u_int bpbRootClust; /* root directory start cluster */
u_int bpbFSInfo; /* file system info sector */
u_int bpbBackup; /* backup boot sector */
};
#define BPBGAP 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0
static struct {
const char *name;
struct bpb bpb;
} const stdfmt[] = {
{"160", {512, 1, 1, 2, 64, 320, 0xfe, 1, 8, 1, BPBGAP}},
{"180", {512, 1, 1, 2, 64, 360, 0xfc, 2, 9, 1, BPBGAP}},
{"320", {512, 2, 1, 2, 112, 640, 0xff, 1, 8, 2, BPBGAP}},
{"360", {512, 2, 1, 2, 112, 720, 0xfd, 2, 9, 2, BPBGAP}},
{"640", {512, 2, 1, 2, 112, 1280, 0xfb, 2, 8, 2, BPBGAP}},
{"720", {512, 2, 1, 2, 112, 1440, 0xf9, 3, 9, 2, BPBGAP}},
{"1200", {512, 1, 1, 2, 224, 2400, 0xf9, 7, 15, 2, BPBGAP}},
{"1232", {1024,1, 1, 2, 192, 1232, 0xfe, 2, 8, 2, BPBGAP}},
{"1440", {512, 1, 1, 2, 224, 2880, 0xf0, 9, 18, 2, BPBGAP}},
{"2880", {512, 2, 1, 2, 240, 5760, 0xf0, 9, 36, 2, BPBGAP}}
};
static const u_int8_t bootcode[] = {
0xfa, /* cli */
0x31, 0xc0, /* xor ax,ax */
0x8e, 0xd0, /* mov ss,ax */
0xbc, 0x00, 0x7c, /* mov sp,7c00h */
0xfb, /* sti */
0x8e, 0xd8, /* mov ds,ax */
0xe8, 0x00, 0x00, /* call $ + 3 */
0x5e, /* pop si */
0x83, 0xc6, 0x19, /* add si,+19h */
0xbb, 0x07, 0x00, /* mov bx,0007h */
0xfc, /* cld */
0xac, /* lodsb */
0x84, 0xc0, /* test al,al */
0x74, 0x06, /* jz $ + 8 */
0xb4, 0x0e, /* mov ah,0eh */
0xcd, 0x10, /* int 10h */
0xeb, 0xf5, /* jmp $ - 9 */
0x30, 0xe4, /* xor ah,ah */
0xcd, 0x16, /* int 16h */
0xcd, 0x19, /* int 19h */
0x0d, 0x0a,
'N', 'o', 'n', '-', 's', 'y', 's', 't',
'e', 'm', ' ', 'd', 'i', 's', 'k',
0x0d, 0x0a,
'P', 'r', 'e', 's', 's', ' ', 'a', 'n',
'y', ' ', 'k', 'e', 'y', ' ', 't', 'o',
' ', 'r', 'e', 'b', 'o', 'o', 't',
0x0d, 0x0a,
0
};
static volatile sig_atomic_t got_siginfo;
static void infohandler(int);
static int check_mounted(const char *, mode_t);
static int getstdfmt(const char *, struct bpb *);
static int getdiskinfo(int, const char *, const char *, int, struct bpb *);
static void print_bpb(struct bpb *);
static int ckgeom(const char *, u_int, const char *);
static void mklabel(u_int8_t *, const char *);
static int oklabel(const char *);
static void setstr(u_int8_t *, const char *, size_t);
int
mkfs_msdos(const char *fname, const char *dtype, const struct msdos_options *op)
{
char buf[MAXPATHLEN];
struct sigaction si_sa;
struct stat sb;
struct timeval tv;
struct bpb bpb;
struct tm *tm;
struct bs *bs;
struct bsbpb *bsbpb;
struct bsxbpb *bsxbpb;
struct bsx *bsx;
struct de *de;
u_int8_t *img;
const char *bname;
ssize_t n;
time_t now;
u_int fat, bss, rds, cls, dir, lsn, x, x1, x2;
u_int extra_res, alignment, saved_x, attempts=0;
bool set_res, set_spf, set_spc;
int fd, fd1, rv;
struct msdos_options o = *op;
img = NULL;
rv = -1;
fd = fd1 = -1;
if (o.block_size && o.sectors_per_cluster) {
warnx("Cannot specify both block size and sectors per cluster");
goto done;
}
if (o.OEM_string && strlen(o.OEM_string) > 8) {
warnx("%s: bad OEM string", o.OEM_string);
goto done;
}
if (o.create_size) {
if (o.no_create) {
warnx("create (-C) is incompatible with -N");
goto done;
}
fd = open(fname, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_TRUNC, 0644);
if (fd == -1) {
warnx("failed to create %s", fname);
goto done;
}
if (ftruncate(fd, o.create_size)) {
warnx("failed to initialize %jd bytes", (intmax_t)o.create_size);
goto done;
}
} else if ((fd = open(fname, o.no_create ? O_RDONLY : O_RDWR)) == -1) {
warn("%s", fname);
goto done;
}
if (fstat(fd, &sb)) {
warn("%s", fname);
goto done;
}
if (o.create_size) {
if (!S_ISREG(sb.st_mode))
warnx("warning, %s is not a regular file", fname);
} else {
if (!S_ISCHR(sb.st_mode))
warnx("warning, %s is not a character device", fname);
}
if (!o.no_create)
if (check_mounted(fname, sb.st_mode) == -1)
goto done;
if (o.offset && o.offset != lseek(fd, o.offset, SEEK_SET)) {
warnx("cannot seek to %jd", (intmax_t)o.offset);
goto done;
}
memset(&bpb, 0, sizeof(bpb));
if (o.floppy) {
if (getstdfmt(o.floppy, &bpb) == -1)
goto done;
bpb.bpbHugeSectors = bpb.bpbSectors;
bpb.bpbSectors = 0;
bpb.bpbBigFATsecs = bpb.bpbFATsecs;
bpb.bpbFATsecs = 0;
}
if (o.drive_heads)
bpb.bpbHeads = o.drive_heads;
if (o.sectors_per_track)
bpb.bpbSecPerTrack = o.sectors_per_track;
if (o.bytes_per_sector)
bpb.bpbBytesPerSec = o.bytes_per_sector;
if (o.size)
bpb.bpbHugeSectors = o.size;
if (o.hidden_sectors_set)
bpb.bpbHiddenSecs = o.hidden_sectors;
if (!(o.floppy || (o.drive_heads && o.sectors_per_track &&
o.bytes_per_sector && o.size && o.hidden_sectors_set))) {
getdiskinfo(fd, fname, dtype, o.hidden_sectors_set, &bpb);
bpb.bpbHugeSectors -= (o.offset / bpb.bpbBytesPerSec);
if (bpb.bpbSecPerClust == 0) { /* set defaults */
if (bpb.bpbHugeSectors <= 6000) /* about 3MB -> 512 bytes */
bpb.bpbSecPerClust = 1;
else if (bpb.bpbHugeSectors <= (1<<17)) /* 64M -> 4k */
bpb.bpbSecPerClust = 8;
else if (bpb.bpbHugeSectors <= (1<<19)) /* 256M -> 8k */
bpb.bpbSecPerClust = 16;
else if (bpb.bpbHugeSectors <= (1<<21)) /* 1G -> 16k */
bpb.bpbSecPerClust = 32;
else
bpb.bpbSecPerClust = 64; /* otherwise 32k */
}
}
if (!powerof2(bpb.bpbBytesPerSec)) {
warnx("bytes/sector (%u) is not a power of 2", bpb.bpbBytesPerSec);
goto done;
}
if (bpb.bpbBytesPerSec < MINBPS) {
warnx("bytes/sector (%u) is too small; minimum is %u",
bpb.bpbBytesPerSec, MINBPS);
goto done;
}
if (o.volume_label && !oklabel(o.volume_label)) {
warnx("%s: bad volume label", o.volume_label);
goto done;
}
if (!(fat = o.fat_type)) {
if (o.floppy)
fat = 12;
else if (!o.directory_entries && (o.info_sector || o.backup_sector))
fat = 32;
}
if ((fat == 32 && o.directory_entries) || (fat != 32 && (o.info_sector || o.backup_sector))) {
warnx("-%c is not a legal FAT%s option",
fat == 32 ? 'e' : o.info_sector ? 'i' : 'k',
fat == 32 ? "32" : "12/16");
goto done;
}
if (o.floppy && fat == 32)
bpb.bpbRootDirEnts = 0;
if (fat != 0 && fat != 12 && fat != 16 && fat != 32) {
warnx("%d: bad FAT type", fat);
goto done;
}
if (o.block_size) {
if (!powerof2(o.block_size)) {
warnx("block size (%u) is not a power of 2", o.block_size);
goto done;
}
if (o.block_size < bpb.bpbBytesPerSec) {
warnx("block size (%u) is too small; minimum is %u",
o.block_size, bpb.bpbBytesPerSec);
goto done;
}
if (o.block_size > bpb.bpbBytesPerSec * MAXSPC) {
warnx("block size (%u) is too large; maximum is %u",
o.block_size, bpb.bpbBytesPerSec * MAXSPC);
goto done;
}
bpb.bpbSecPerClust = o.block_size / bpb.bpbBytesPerSec;
}
if (o.sectors_per_cluster) {
if (!powerof2(o.sectors_per_cluster)) {
warnx("sectors/cluster (%u) is not a power of 2",
o.sectors_per_cluster);
goto done;
}
bpb.bpbSecPerClust = o.sectors_per_cluster;
}
if (o.reserved_sectors)
bpb.bpbResSectors = o.reserved_sectors;
if (o.num_FAT) {
if (o.num_FAT > MAXNFT) {
warnx("number of FATs (%u) is too large; maximum is %u",
o.num_FAT, MAXNFT);
goto done;
}
bpb.bpbFATs = o.num_FAT;
}
if (o.directory_entries)
bpb.bpbRootDirEnts = o.directory_entries;
if (o.media_descriptor_set) {
if (o.media_descriptor < 0xf0) {
warnx("illegal media descriptor (%#x)", o.media_descriptor);
goto done;
}
bpb.bpbMedia = o.media_descriptor;
}
if (o.sectors_per_fat)
bpb.bpbBigFATsecs = o.sectors_per_fat;
if (o.info_sector)
bpb.bpbFSInfo = o.info_sector;
if (o.backup_sector)
bpb.bpbBackup = o.backup_sector;
bss = 1;
bname = NULL;
fd1 = -1;
if (o.bootstrap) {
bname = o.bootstrap;
if (!strchr(bname, '/')) {
snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "/boot/%s", bname);
if (!(bname = strdup(buf))) {
warn(NULL);
goto done;
}
}
if ((fd1 = open(bname, O_RDONLY)) == -1 || fstat(fd1, &sb)) {
warn("%s", bname);
goto done;
}
if (!S_ISREG(sb.st_mode) || sb.st_size % bpb.bpbBytesPerSec ||
sb.st_size < bpb.bpbBytesPerSec ||
sb.st_size > bpb.bpbBytesPerSec * MAXU16) {
warnx("%s: inappropriate file type or format", bname);
goto done;
}
bss = sb.st_size / bpb.bpbBytesPerSec;
}
if (!bpb.bpbFATs)
bpb.bpbFATs = 2;
if (!fat) {
if (bpb.bpbHugeSectors < (bpb.bpbResSectors ? bpb.bpbResSectors : bss) +
howmany((RESFTE + (bpb.bpbSecPerClust ? MINCLS16 : MAXCLS12 + 1)) *
(bpb.bpbSecPerClust ? 16 : 12) / BPN,
bpb.bpbBytesPerSec * NPB) *
bpb.bpbFATs +
howmany(bpb.bpbRootDirEnts ? bpb.bpbRootDirEnts : DEFRDE,
bpb.bpbBytesPerSec / sizeof(struct de)) +
(bpb.bpbSecPerClust ? MINCLS16 : MAXCLS12 + 1) *
(bpb.bpbSecPerClust ? bpb.bpbSecPerClust :
howmany(DEFBLK, bpb.bpbBytesPerSec)))
fat = 12;
else if (bpb.bpbRootDirEnts || bpb.bpbHugeSectors <
(bpb.bpbResSectors ? bpb.bpbResSectors : bss) +
howmany((RESFTE + MAXCLS16) * 2, bpb.bpbBytesPerSec) *
bpb.bpbFATs +
howmany(DEFRDE, bpb.bpbBytesPerSec / sizeof(struct de)) +
(MAXCLS16 + 1) *
(bpb.bpbSecPerClust ? bpb.bpbSecPerClust :
howmany(8192, bpb.bpbBytesPerSec)))
fat = 16;
else
fat = 32;
}
x = bss;
if (fat == 32) {
if (!bpb.bpbFSInfo) {
if (x == MAXU16 || x == bpb.bpbBackup) {
warnx("no room for info sector");
goto done;
}
bpb.bpbFSInfo = x;
}
if (bpb.bpbFSInfo != MAXU16 && x <= bpb.bpbFSInfo)
x = bpb.bpbFSInfo + 1;
if (!bpb.bpbBackup) {
if (x == MAXU16) {
warnx("no room for backup sector");
goto done;
}
bpb.bpbBackup = x;
} else if (bpb.bpbBackup != MAXU16 && bpb.bpbBackup == bpb.bpbFSInfo) {
warnx("backup sector would overwrite info sector");
goto done;
}
if (bpb.bpbBackup != MAXU16 && x <= bpb.bpbBackup)
x = bpb.bpbBackup + 1;
}
extra_res = 0;
alignment = 0;
set_res = (bpb.bpbResSectors == 0);
set_spf = (bpb.bpbBigFATsecs == 0);
set_spc = (bpb.bpbSecPerClust == 0);
saved_x = x;
/*
* Attempt to align the root directory to cluster if o.align is set.
* This is done by padding with reserved blocks. Note that this can
* cause other factors to change, which can in turn change the alignment.
* This should take at most 2 iterations, as increasing the reserved
* amount may cause the FAT size to decrease by 1, requiring another
* bpbFATs reserved blocks. If bpbSecPerClust changes, it will
* be half of its previous size, and thus will not throw off alignment.
*/
do {
x = saved_x;
if (set_res)
bpb.bpbResSectors = ((fat == 32) ?
MAX(x, MAX(16384 / bpb.bpbBytesPerSec, 4)) : x) + extra_res;
else if (bpb.bpbResSectors < x) {
warnx("too few reserved sectors (need %d have %d)", x,
bpb.bpbResSectors);
goto done;
}
if (fat != 32 && !bpb.bpbRootDirEnts)
bpb.bpbRootDirEnts = DEFRDE;
rds = howmany(bpb.bpbRootDirEnts,
bpb.bpbBytesPerSec / sizeof(struct de));
if (set_spc) {
for (bpb.bpbSecPerClust = howmany(fat == 16 ? DEFBLK16 :
DEFBLK, bpb.bpbBytesPerSec);
bpb.bpbSecPerClust < MAXSPC && (bpb.bpbResSectors +
howmany((RESFTE + maxcls(fat)) * (fat / BPN),
bpb.bpbBytesPerSec * NPB) * bpb.bpbFATs +
rds +
(u_int64_t) (maxcls(fat) + 1) * bpb.bpbSecPerClust) <=
bpb.bpbHugeSectors;
bpb.bpbSecPerClust <<= 1)
continue;
}
if (fat != 32 && bpb.bpbBigFATsecs > MAXU16) {
warnx("too many sectors/FAT for FAT12/16");
goto done;
}
x1 = bpb.bpbResSectors + rds;
x = bpb.bpbBigFATsecs ? bpb.bpbBigFATsecs : 1;
if (x1 + (u_int64_t)x * bpb.bpbFATs > bpb.bpbHugeSectors) {
warnx("meta data exceeds file system size");
goto done;
}
x1 += x * bpb.bpbFATs;
x = (u_int64_t)(bpb.bpbHugeSectors - x1) * bpb.bpbBytesPerSec * NPB /
(bpb.bpbSecPerClust * bpb.bpbBytesPerSec * NPB +
fat / BPN * bpb.bpbFATs);
x2 = howmany((RESFTE + MIN(x, maxcls(fat))) * (fat / BPN),
bpb.bpbBytesPerSec * NPB);
if (set_spf) {
if (bpb.bpbBigFATsecs == 0)
bpb.bpbBigFATsecs = x2;
x1 += (bpb.bpbBigFATsecs - 1) * bpb.bpbFATs;
}
if (set_res) {
/* attempt to align root directory */
alignment = (bpb.bpbResSectors + bpb.bpbBigFATsecs * bpb.bpbFATs) %
bpb.bpbSecPerClust;
if (o.align)
extra_res += bpb.bpbSecPerClust - alignment;
}
attempts++;
} while (o.align && alignment != 0 && attempts < 2);
if (o.align && alignment != 0)
warnx("warning: Alignment failed.");
cls = (bpb.bpbHugeSectors - x1) / bpb.bpbSecPerClust;
x = (u_int64_t)bpb.bpbBigFATsecs * bpb.bpbBytesPerSec * NPB / (fat / BPN) -
RESFTE;
if (cls > x)
cls = x;
if (bpb.bpbBigFATsecs < x2)
warnx("warning: sectors/FAT limits file system to %u clusters",
cls);
if (cls < mincls(fat)) {
warnx("%u clusters too few clusters for FAT%u, need %u", cls, fat,
mincls(fat));
goto done;
}
if (cls > maxcls(fat)) {
cls = maxcls(fat);
bpb.bpbHugeSectors = x1 + (cls + 1) * bpb.bpbSecPerClust - 1;
warnx("warning: FAT type limits file system to %u sectors",
bpb.bpbHugeSectors);
}
printf("%s: %u sector%s in %u FAT%u cluster%s "
"(%u bytes/cluster)\n", fname, cls * bpb.bpbSecPerClust,
cls * bpb.bpbSecPerClust == 1 ? "" : "s", cls, fat,
cls == 1 ? "" : "s", bpb.bpbBytesPerSec * bpb.bpbSecPerClust);
if (!bpb.bpbMedia)
bpb.bpbMedia = !bpb.bpbHiddenSecs ? 0xf0 : 0xf8;
if (fat == 32)
bpb.bpbRootClust = RESFTE;
if (bpb.bpbHugeSectors <= MAXU16) {
bpb.bpbSectors = bpb.bpbHugeSectors;
bpb.bpbHugeSectors = 0;
}
if (fat != 32) {
bpb.bpbFATsecs = bpb.bpbBigFATsecs;
bpb.bpbBigFATsecs = 0;
}
print_bpb(&bpb);
if (!o.no_create) {
if (o.timestamp_set) {
tv.tv_sec = now = o.timestamp;
tv.tv_usec = 0;
tm = gmtime(&now);
} else {
gettimeofday(&tv, NULL);
now = tv.tv_sec;
tm = localtime(&now);
}
if (!(img = malloc(bpb.bpbBytesPerSec))) {
warn(NULL);
goto done;
}
dir = bpb.bpbResSectors + (bpb.bpbFATsecs ? bpb.bpbFATsecs :
bpb.bpbBigFATsecs) * bpb.bpbFATs;
memset(&si_sa, 0, sizeof(si_sa));
si_sa.sa_handler = infohandler;
if (sigaction(SIGINFO, &si_sa, NULL) == -1) {
warn("sigaction SIGINFO");
goto done;
}
for (lsn = 0; lsn < dir + (fat == 32 ? bpb.bpbSecPerClust : rds); lsn++) {
if (got_siginfo) {
fprintf(stderr,"%s: writing sector %u of %u (%u%%)\n",
fname, lsn,
(dir + (fat == 32 ? bpb.bpbSecPerClust: rds)),
(lsn * 100) / (dir +
(fat == 32 ? bpb.bpbSecPerClust: rds)));
got_siginfo = 0;
}
x = lsn;
if (o.bootstrap &&
fat == 32 && bpb.bpbBackup != MAXU16 &&
bss <= bpb.bpbBackup && x >= bpb.bpbBackup) {
x -= bpb.bpbBackup;
if (!x && lseek(fd1, o.offset, SEEK_SET)) {
warn("%s", bname);
goto done;
}
}
if (o.bootstrap && x < bss) {
if ((n = read(fd1, img, bpb.bpbBytesPerSec)) == -1) {
warn("%s", bname);
goto done;
}
if ((unsigned)n != bpb.bpbBytesPerSec) {
warnx("%s: can't read sector %u", bname, x);
goto done;
}
} else
memset(img, 0, bpb.bpbBytesPerSec);
if (!lsn ||
(fat == 32 && bpb.bpbBackup != MAXU16 &&
lsn == bpb.bpbBackup)) {
x1 = sizeof(struct bs);
bsbpb = (struct bsbpb *)(img + x1);
mk2(bsbpb->bpbBytesPerSec, bpb.bpbBytesPerSec);
mk1(bsbpb->bpbSecPerClust, bpb.bpbSecPerClust);
mk2(bsbpb->bpbResSectors, bpb.bpbResSectors);
mk1(bsbpb->bpbFATs, bpb.bpbFATs);
mk2(bsbpb->bpbRootDirEnts, bpb.bpbRootDirEnts);
mk2(bsbpb->bpbSectors, bpb.bpbSectors);
mk1(bsbpb->bpbMedia, bpb.bpbMedia);
mk2(bsbpb->bpbFATsecs, bpb.bpbFATsecs);
mk2(bsbpb->bpbSecPerTrack, bpb.bpbSecPerTrack);
mk2(bsbpb->bpbHeads, bpb.bpbHeads);
mk4(bsbpb->bpbHiddenSecs, bpb.bpbHiddenSecs);
mk4(bsbpb->bpbHugeSectors, bpb.bpbHugeSectors);
x1 += sizeof(struct bsbpb);
if (fat == 32) {
bsxbpb = (struct bsxbpb *)(img + x1);
mk4(bsxbpb->bpbBigFATsecs, bpb.bpbBigFATsecs);
mk2(bsxbpb->bpbExtFlags, 0);
mk2(bsxbpb->bpbFSVers, 0);
mk4(bsxbpb->bpbRootClust, bpb.bpbRootClust);
mk2(bsxbpb->bpbFSInfo, bpb.bpbFSInfo);
mk2(bsxbpb->bpbBackup, bpb.bpbBackup);
x1 += sizeof(struct bsxbpb);
}
bsx = (struct bsx *)(img + x1);
mk1(bsx->exBootSignature, 0x29);
if (o.volume_id_set)
x = o.volume_id;
else
x = (((u_int)(1 + tm->tm_mon) << 8 |
(u_int)tm->tm_mday) +
((u_int)tm->tm_sec << 8 |
(u_int)(tv.tv_usec / 10))) << 16 |
((u_int)(1900 + tm->tm_year) +
((u_int)tm->tm_hour << 8 |
(u_int)tm->tm_min));
mk4(bsx->exVolumeID, x);
mklabel(bsx->exVolumeLabel, o.volume_label ? o.volume_label : "NO NAME");
snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "FAT%u", fat);
setstr(bsx->exFileSysType, buf, sizeof(bsx->exFileSysType));
if (!o.bootstrap) {
x1 += sizeof(struct bsx);
bs = (struct bs *)img;
mk1(bs->bsJump[0], 0xeb);
mk1(bs->bsJump[1], x1 - 2);
mk1(bs->bsJump[2], 0x90);
setstr(bs->bsOemName, o.OEM_string ? o.OEM_string : "BSD4.4 ",
sizeof(bs->bsOemName));
memcpy(img + x1, bootcode, sizeof(bootcode));
mk2(img + MINBPS - 2, DOSMAGIC);
}
} else if (fat == 32 && bpb.bpbFSInfo != MAXU16 &&
(lsn == bpb.bpbFSInfo ||
(bpb.bpbBackup != MAXU16 &&
lsn == bpb.bpbBackup + bpb.bpbFSInfo))) {
mk4(img, 0x41615252);
mk4(img + MINBPS - 28, 0x61417272);
mk4(img + MINBPS - 24, 0xffffffff);
mk4(img + MINBPS - 20, bpb.bpbRootClust);
mk2(img + MINBPS - 2, DOSMAGIC);
} else if (lsn >= bpb.bpbResSectors && lsn < dir &&
!((lsn - bpb.bpbResSectors) %
(bpb.bpbFATsecs ? bpb.bpbFATsecs :
bpb.bpbBigFATsecs))) {
mk1(img[0], bpb.bpbMedia);
for (x = 1; x < fat * (fat == 32 ? 3 : 2) / 8; x++)
mk1(img[x], fat == 32 && x % 4 == 3 ? 0x0f : 0xff);
} else if (lsn == dir && o.volume_label) {
de = (struct de *)img;
mklabel(de->deName, o.volume_label);
mk1(de->deAttributes, 050);
x = (u_int)tm->tm_hour << 11 |
(u_int)tm->tm_min << 5 |
(u_int)tm->tm_sec >> 1;
mk2(de->deMTime, x);
x = (u_int)(tm->tm_year - 80) << 9 |
(u_int)(tm->tm_mon + 1) << 5 |
(u_int)tm->tm_mday;
mk2(de->deMDate, x);
}
if ((n = write(fd, img, bpb.bpbBytesPerSec)) == -1) {
warn("%s", fname);
goto done;
}
if ((unsigned)n != bpb.bpbBytesPerSec) {
warnx("%s: can't write sector %u", fname, lsn);
goto done;
}
}
}
rv = 0;
done:
free(img);
if (fd != -1)
close(fd);
if (fd1 != -1)
close(fd1);
return rv;
}
/*
* return -1 with error if file system is mounted.
*/
static int
check_mounted(const char *fname, mode_t mode)
{
#if 0
struct statfs *mp;
const char *s1, *s2;
size_t len;
int n, r;
if (!(n = getmntinfo(&mp, MNT_NOWAIT))) {
warn("getmntinfo");
return -1;
}
len = strlen(_PATH_DEV);
s1 = fname;
if (!strncmp(s1, _PATH_DEV, len))
s1 += len;
r = S_ISCHR(mode) && s1 != fname && *s1 == 'r';
for (; n--; mp++) {
s2 = mp->f_mntfromname;
if (!strncmp(s2, _PATH_DEV, len))
s2 += len;
if ((r && s2 != mp->f_mntfromname && !strcmp(s1 + 1, s2)) ||
!strcmp(s1, s2)) {
warnx("%s is mounted on %s", fname, mp->f_mntonname);
return -1;
}
}
#endif
return 0;
}
/*
* Get a standard format.
*/
static int
getstdfmt(const char *fmt, struct bpb *bpb)
{
u_int x, i;
x = nitems(stdfmt);
for (i = 0; i < x && strcmp(fmt, stdfmt[i].name); i++);
if (i == x) {
warnx("%s: unknown standard format", fmt);
return -1;
}
*bpb = stdfmt[i].bpb;
return 0;
}
/*
* Get disk slice, partition, and geometry information.
*/
#if defined(__linux__)
static int getdiskinfo(int fd, const char *fname, const char *dtype,
__unused int oflag, struct bpb *bpb)
{
if (ioctl(fd, BLKSSZGET, &bpb->bpbBytesPerSec)) {
err(1, "ioctl(BLKSSZGET) for bytes/sector failed");
}
if (ckgeom(fname, bpb->bpbBytesPerSec, "bytes/sector") == -1) return -1;
u_long block_size;
if (ioctl(fd, BLKGETSIZE, &block_size)) {
err(1, "ioctl(BLKGETSIZE) failed");
}
if (block_size > UINT32_MAX) {
errx(1, "block size too large: %lu", block_size);
}
bpb->bpbHugeSectors = (u_int)block_size;
bpb->bpbSecPerTrack = 63;
if (ckgeom(fname, bpb->bpbSecPerTrack, "sectors/track") == -1) return -1;
bpb->bpbHeads = 64;
if (ckgeom(fname, bpb->bpbHeads, "drive heads") == -1) return -1;
return 0;
}
#elif defined(__APPLE__)
static int
getdiskinfo(int fd, const char *fname, const char *dtype, __unused int oflag,
struct bpb *bpb) {
return 0;
}
#else
static int
getdiskinfo(int fd, const char *fname, const char *dtype, __unused int oflag,
struct bpb *bpb)
{
struct disklabel *lp, dlp;
struct fd_type type;
off_t ms, hs = 0;
lp = NULL;
/* If the user specified a disk type, try to use that */
if (dtype != NULL) {
lp = getdiskbyname(dtype);
}
/* Maybe it's a floppy drive */
if (lp == NULL) {
if (ioctl(fd, DIOCGMEDIASIZE, &ms) == -1) {
struct stat st;
if (fstat(fd, &st))
err(1, "cannot get disk size");
/* create a fake geometry for a file image */
ms = st.st_size;
dlp.d_secsize = 512;
dlp.d_nsectors = 63;
dlp.d_ntracks = 255;
dlp.d_secperunit = ms / dlp.d_secsize;
lp = &dlp;
} else if (ioctl(fd, FD_GTYPE, &type) != -1) {
dlp.d_secsize = 128 << type.secsize;
dlp.d_nsectors = type.sectrac;
dlp.d_ntracks = type.heads;
dlp.d_secperunit = ms / dlp.d_secsize;
lp = &dlp;
}
}
/* Maybe it's a fixed drive */
if (lp == NULL) {
if (bpb->bpbBytesPerSec)
dlp.d_secsize = bpb->bpbBytesPerSec;
if (bpb->bpbBytesPerSec == 0 && ioctl(fd, DIOCGSECTORSIZE,
&dlp.d_secsize) == -1)
err(1, "cannot get sector size");
dlp.d_secperunit = ms / dlp.d_secsize;
if (bpb->bpbSecPerTrack == 0 && ioctl(fd, DIOCGFWSECTORS,
&dlp.d_nsectors) == -1) {
warn("cannot get number of sectors per track");
dlp.d_nsectors = 63;
}
if (bpb->bpbHeads == 0 &&
ioctl(fd, DIOCGFWHEADS, &dlp.d_ntracks) == -1) {
warn("cannot get number of heads");
if (dlp.d_secperunit <= 63*1*1024)
dlp.d_ntracks = 1;
else if (dlp.d_secperunit <= 63*16*1024)
dlp.d_ntracks = 16;
else
dlp.d_ntracks = 255;
}
hs = (ms / dlp.d_secsize) - dlp.d_secperunit;
lp = &dlp;
}
if (bpb->bpbBytesPerSec == 0) {
if (ckgeom(fname, lp->d_secsize, "bytes/sector") == -1)
return -1;
bpb->bpbBytesPerSec = lp->d_secsize;
}
if (bpb->bpbSecPerTrack == 0) {
if (ckgeom(fname, lp->d_nsectors, "sectors/track") == -1)
return -1;
bpb->bpbSecPerTrack = lp->d_nsectors;
}
if (bpb->bpbHeads == 0) {
if (ckgeom(fname, lp->d_ntracks, "drive heads") == -1)
return -1;
bpb->bpbHeads = lp->d_ntracks;
}
if (bpb->bpbHugeSectors == 0)
bpb->bpbHugeSectors = lp->d_secperunit;
if (bpb->bpbHiddenSecs == 0)
bpb->bpbHiddenSecs = hs;
return 0;
}
#endif
/*
* Print out BPB values.
*/
static void
print_bpb(struct bpb *bpb)
{
printf("BytesPerSec=%u SecPerClust=%u ResSectors=%u FATs=%u",
bpb->bpbBytesPerSec, bpb->bpbSecPerClust, bpb->bpbResSectors,
bpb->bpbFATs);
if (bpb->bpbRootDirEnts)
printf(" RootDirEnts=%u", bpb->bpbRootDirEnts);
if (bpb->bpbSectors)
printf(" Sectors=%u", bpb->bpbSectors);
printf(" Media=%#x", bpb->bpbMedia);
if (bpb->bpbFATsecs)
printf(" FATsecs=%u", bpb->bpbFATsecs);
printf(" SecPerTrack=%u Heads=%u HiddenSecs=%u", bpb->bpbSecPerTrack,
bpb->bpbHeads, bpb->bpbHiddenSecs);
if (bpb->bpbHugeSectors)
printf(" HugeSectors=%u", bpb->bpbHugeSectors);
if (!bpb->bpbFATsecs) {
printf(" FATsecs=%u RootCluster=%u", bpb->bpbBigFATsecs,
bpb->bpbRootClust);
printf(" FSInfo=");
printf(bpb->bpbFSInfo == MAXU16 ? "%#x" : "%u", bpb->bpbFSInfo);
printf(" Backup=");
printf(bpb->bpbBackup == MAXU16 ? "%#x" : "%u", bpb->bpbBackup);
}
printf("\n");
}
/*
* Check a disk geometry value.
*/
static int
ckgeom(const char *fname, u_int val, const char *msg)
{
if (!val) {
warnx("%s: no default %s", fname, msg);
return -1;
}
if (val > MAXU16) {
warnx("%s: illegal %s %d", fname, msg, val);
return -1;
}
return 0;
}
/*
* Check a volume label.
*/
static int
oklabel(const char *src)
{
int c, i;
for (i = 0; i <= 11; i++) {
c = (u_char)*src++;
if (c < ' ' + !i || strchr("\"*+,./:;<=>?[\\]|", c))
break;
}
return i && !c;
}
/*
* Make a volume label.
*/
static void
mklabel(u_int8_t *dest, const char *src)
{
int c, i;
for (i = 0; i < 11; i++) {
c = *src ? toupper(*src++) : ' ';
*dest++ = !i && c == '\xe5' ? 5 : c;
}
}
/*
* Copy string, padding with spaces.
*/
static void
setstr(u_int8_t *dest, const char *src, size_t len)
{
while (len--)
*dest++ = *src ? *src++ : ' ';
}
static void
infohandler(int sig __unused)
{
got_siginfo = 1;
}